Korelasi Kadar Albumin Serum dengan Persentase Edema pada Anak Penderita Sindrom Nefrotik dalam Serangan

Abstract

Sindrom nefrotik (SN) merupakan kelainan glomerulus yang ditandai proteinuria masif, hipoalbuminemia, edema, dan hiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara kadar albumin serum dan persentase edema pada anak penderita SN dalam serangan. Suatu uji analitik korelasional rancangan cross-sectional dilakukan selama bulan Agustus 2009 sampai Januari 2010. Subjek penelitian adalah anak penderita SN dalam serangan, usia 1–14 tahun, berobat ke poliklinik atau dirawat di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin dan RS Jejaring (RSU Cibabat dan RSU Ujung Berung). Persentase edema dihitung dengan mengurangi total body water (TBW) anak saat sakit dengan TBW ideal, kemudian hasilnya dipersentasekan dengan TBW ideal. Analisis statistik menggunakan Uji korelasi Spearman. Pada penelitian ini didapatkan 29 subjek terdiri atas 26 laki-laki dan 3 perempuan. Kadar albumin serum rata-rata 1,45 g/dL dan persentase edema 21,6%. Hasil Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan hubungan yang sangat bermakna (p=0,006) antara kadar albumin serum dan persentase edema (r=-0,501). Simpulan, terdapat hubungan negatif antara kadar albumin serum dan persentase edema pada anak penderita SN dalam serangan. [MKB. 2015;47(1):55–9]

Kata kunci: Kadar albumin serum, persentase edema, sindrom nefrotik dalam serangan

Correlation Between Serum Albumin Levels and Percentage of Edema during Nephrotic Stage in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome
 

Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a glomerular disorder characterized by massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminemia, edema, and hyperlipidemia. The aim of this study was to evaluate the correlation between serum albumin levels and percentage of edema during nephrotic stage in children with NS. Cross-sectional design with correlational analytic was used in this study. The subjects of this study were outpatients and inpatients with NS during nephrotic stage, aged between 1 and 14 years old, admitted to Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, Cibabat Hospital, and Ujung Berung Hospital from August 2009 to January 2010. Percentage of edema was calculated by substracting total body water (TBW) during illness to ideal TBW, then divided the result by ideal TBW. Subjects were 29 children, consisted of 26 boys and 3 girls. Mean serum albumin levels was 1.45 g/dL and percentage of edema was 21.6%. Analysis using Spearman correlation test showed a highly significant correlation (p=0.006) between serum albumin levels and percentage of edema in children with NS during nephrotic stage (r=-0.501). In conclusion, there is a negative correlation between serum albumin levels and percentage of edema during nephrotic stage in children with NS. [MKB. 2015;47(1):55–9]

Key words: Nephrotic syndrome, nephrotic stage, percentage of edema serum albumin levels   

DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v47n1.408