Efek Probiotik terhadap Mortalitas, Derajat Inflamasi Intestinal, dan Kadar IgA pada Mencit Model Sepsis

Abstract

Sepsis mengubah mikrobiologi saluran pencernaan, menyebabkan hilangnya flora komensal dan pertumbuhan bakteri patogen yang berlebih. Pemberian probiotik penderita sepsis dapat mengembalikan keseimbangan mikrobiota dan memiliki efek positif pada fungsi imunitas tubuh serta struktur dan fungsi gastrointestinal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan efek pemberian probiotik terhadap mortalitas, inflamasi intestinal, dan kadar imunoglobulin A (IgA) serum pada mencit model sepsis. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris, dengan sampel 36 ekor mencit Balb/C jantan dibagi menjadi kelompok: kontrol, sepsis, dan sepsis+probiotik. Penelitian dilakukan di laboratorium Histologi dan Biomedik Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret Surakarta,periode Januari–April 2012. Mencit Balb/C jantan diinjeksi cecal inoculum (200 mg/kgBB) secara intraperitoneal (i.p), untuk kelompok sepsis maupun sepsis dengan probiotik. Kelompok mencit kontrol tidak diinokulasi selama penelitian. Inflamasi intestinal ditentukan dengan pengecatan hematoksilin eosin (HE) pada hari ke-8. Mortalitas dinilai sampai hari ke-8. Kadar IgA serum ditentukan menggunakan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Twotailed Fisher Exact Test untuk uji mortalitas, Kruskal-Wallis untuk uji inflamasi intestinal, sedangkan analysis of variance untuk uji kadar IgA serum. Persentase kematian kelompok probiotik tidak berbeda bermakna (10% vs 40%, p=0,065) dibandingkan dengan kelompok sepsis. Probiotik bermakna menurunkan derajat inflamasi intestinal dibandingkan dengan kelompok sepsis (p<0,001). Kadar IgA serum kelompok mencit kontrol 35,82±4,55 ng/mL. Probiotik secara bermakna meningkatkan kadar IgA serum (65,07±34,97 ng/mL vs 6,20±5,80 ng/mL, p<0,001) dibandingkan dengan kelompok mencit sepsis. Simpulan, pemberian probiotik menurunkan derajat inflamasi
intestinal dan mortalitas, serta meningkatkan kadar IgA serum pada mencit model sepsis. [MKB. 2013;45(1):10–5]

Kata kunci: IgA, inflamasi, probiotik, sepsis

Probiotic Effects of Mortality, Degree of Intestinal Inflammation, and IgA Levels in Sepsis Mice Model

Sepsis results in changes to the microbiology of the gastrointestinal tract, leading to a loss of commensal flora and an overgrowth of potentially pathogenic bacteria. Administering probiotics to sepsis patients may restore balance to the microbiota and have positive effects on immune function and gastrointestinal structure and function. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of probiotic on mortality, intestinal inflammation and immunoglobulin A (IgA) serum level in mice model of sepsis. This study was an experimental research laboratory, with 36 male Balb/C mice were divided into: control, sepsis, and sepsis+probiotic groups. The study was conducted at Histology and Biomedical Laboratory, School of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, in January to April 2012. Sepsis was induced in the male Balb/C mice using an intraperitoneally (i.p) injection of cecal inoculum (200 mg/ kgBW), for sepsis mice model and sepsis with probiotic. Control mice were not inoculation during the study. Detection of intestinal inflammation with hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining on 8th day. Mortality perceived until 8th day. IgA serum level measurement with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Two-tailed Fisher exact test for the analysis of mortality, Kruskal-Wallis test for the intestinal inflammation, one way analysis of variance for IgA serum level. Probiotic showed no significantly mortality (10% vs 40%, p=0.065) compared to sepsis group. Probiotic showed significantly decreased intestinal inflammation compared to sepsis group (p<0.001). Control mice showed levels of IgA 35.82±4.55 ng/mL. Probiotic showed significantly increased IgA levels (65.07±34.97 ng/mL vs 6.20±5.80 ng/mL, p<0.001) compared to sepsis group. In conclusions, probiotic decrease intestinal inflammation and mortality, on the other hand increase IgA level in mice model of sepsis. [MKB. 2013;45(1):10–5]

Key words: IgA, inflammation, probiotic, sepsis

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n1.95