Distribusi Subtipe Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis di Bandung

Abstract

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) merupakan penyakit reumatik kronik tersering pada anak yang terjadi sebelum usia 16 tahun. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengevaluasi profil penderita yang didiagnosis JIA. Dilakukan penelitian deskriptif retrospektif terhadap penderita JIA yang datang ke Divisi Alergi Imunologi Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada periode Januari 2006–Oktober 2011 berdasarkan rekam medis. Didapatkan 28 penderita JIA terdiri atas 10 anak laki-laki dan 18 anak perempuan, dengan rentang usia 2–14 tahun, usia rata-rata 8,25±3,62 tahun. Sebanyak 14 penderita JIA merupakan tipe oligoartritis persisten, 6 tipe sistemik, 5 tipe poliartritis, dan terdapat 1 orang penderita poliartritis tipe dewasa. Pada pemeriksaan laboratorium, didapatkan 2 penderita dengan faktor reumatoid positif dan 14 penderita negatif. Terapi yang diberikan obat antiinflamasi nonsteroid sebagai protokol terapi standar, steroid, dan disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (metotreksat). Terdapat 3 penderita meninggal yang semuanya merupakan tipe sistemik. Simpulan, sebagian besar JIA merupakan tipe oligoartritis persisten, lebih banyak ditemukan pada anak perempuan dibandingkan dengan laki-laki. Kasus kematian terjadi pada JIA tipe sistemik. Sebagian besar penderita memberikan respons yang baikterhadap protokol terapi standar. [MKB. 2012;44(2):101–5].

Kata kunci: Anak, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, subtipe

Distribution of Juvenile Idiophatic Arthritis Subtypes in Bandung

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic disease in children which begin before 16 years of age. The objective of this study was to evaluate the profile of patients who diagnosed as JIA. The descriptive retrospective study was done to patients with JIA who came to Allergy Immunology Division, Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during January 2006–October 2011 period, based on the medical records. There were 28 patients with JIA consisted of 10 boys and 18 girls, age ranged 2–14 years, with mean age of onset of 8.25±3.62 years. There were 14 patients with persistent oligoarthritis type, 6 patients with systemic type, 5 patients with polyarthritis type and 1 patient with polyarthritis adult type. The laboratory data showed 2 patients with positive rheumatoid factor and 14 patients were negative. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs >as standard protocol therapy, steroids and disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs (methotrexate) were used for treatment. There were 3 patients with systemic type death. In conclusions, most of JIA cases were persistent oligoathritis type, girls more than boys, and all death cases were systemic JIA. Most of cases had satisfactory therapeutic outcomes with standard protocol therapy. [MKB. 2012;44(2):101–5].

Key words: Children, juvenile idiopathic arthritis, subtypes

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v44n2.78