Aspergillus Fumigatus pada Sputum Penderita Batuk Kronik Menggunakan Metode PCR dan Kultur
Abstract
Kecepatan tumbuh jamur yang bertambah pada manusia dapat terjadi akibat berbagai penggunaan obat-obatan, alat-alat kesehatan invasif, juga terdapat faktor predisposisi berupa penyakit kronik yang berat termasuk penyakit keganasan. Aspergilus fumigatus merupakan salah satu spesies jamur sistemik yang dapat menginfeksi manusia. Penggunaan polymerase chain reaction (PCR) untuk mendeteksi jamur merupakan diagnostik yang optimal. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis Aspergillus fumigatus menggunakan PCR dan kultur pada sputum penderita batuk kronik. Penelitian ini menggunakan 51 sampel sputum penderita batuk kronik yang berasal dari Rumah Sakit Haji Adam Malik Medan, periode Mei 2012–Februari 2013 diteliti dengan metode deskriptif cross-sectional. Sputum diperiksa menggunakan metode PCR dan dilakukan kultur sebagai gold standard pemeriksaan jamur. Hasil penelitian dari 51 sampel didapatkan pemeriksaan PCR positif 35 sampel (69%) dan PCR negatif 16 sampel (31%). Pada hasil kultur dijumpai kultur positif 29 sampel (57%) dan kultur negatif 22 sampel (43%). Simpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah dari 51 sputum penderita batuk kronik ternyata 69% mengandung jamur Aspergillus fumigatus dan keadaan ini diperkuat dengan hasil kulturnya. Pemeriksaan PCR dapat dipergunakan sebagai salah satu pemeriksaan jamur yang cepat dan tepat. [MKB. 2016;48(2):78–83]
Kata kunci: Aspergillus fumigatus, batuk kronis, kultur, PCR
Aspergillus Fumigatus in Sputum of Patients with Chronic Cough Using PCR and Culture Method
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of fungal growth in humans may occur as a result of the use of various drugs, invasive medical devices, and also the presence of predisposing factors like severe chronic diseases, including malignant disease. Aspergillus fumigatus is a systemic fungal species that can infect human beings. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the most optimum diagnostic method to detect fungus. The purpose of this study was to analyze the presence of Aspergillus fumigatus by using PCR and culture method in sputum of patients with chronic cough. The sample of this study consisted of sputum from 51 patients who visited Haji Adam Malik Hospital in Medan. The examination applied the cross-sectional descriptive method. Sputum was examined using PCR and culture as the gold standard fungal examination. The results from the 51 samples showed that positive PCR results (69%) were found in 35 patients and negative results were found in 16 patients (31%). The culture results showed that positive cultures were seen in 29 samples (57%) and negative cultures were found in 22 samples (49%). it is concluded that from 51 patients with chronic cough sputum, 69% turn out to have Aspergillus fumigatus fungus and this result is reinforced by the culture results. PCR can be used as a quick and precise inspection method for detecting fungus. [MKB. 2016;48(2):78–83]
Key words: Aspergillus fumigatus, chronic cough, culture, PCR
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v48n2.760
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