Perbandingan Pemberian Susu Kedelai Bubuk dan Susu Kedelai Rumah Tangga terhadap Glukosa Darah Puasa pada Tikus Diabetes Melitus Hasil Induksi Aloksan Monohidrat

Abstract

Berbagai penelitian menemukan bahwa kedelai dan produk olahannya memiliki banyak manfaat terhadap berbagai kelainan metabolisme, salah satunya terhadap diabetes melitus (DM). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan membandingkan penurunan kadar glukosa darah puasa sesudah pemberian susu kedelai bubuk dan susu kedelai rumah tangga pada tikus DM hasil induksi aloksan. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Departemen Farmakologi Klinik RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung periode Oktober−Desember 2008 dengan metode eksperimental di laboratorium, menggunakan 30 ekor tikus yang dibagi secara acak dalam lima kelompok, salah satunya kelompok kontrol positif. Kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) masing-masing kelompok diperiksa setelah 14 hari perlakuan. Hasil penurunan kadar GDP rata-rata tertinggi adalah pada kelompok tikus yang mendapatkan susu kedelai rumah tangga 2 kali/hari, yaitu sebesar 297,67 mg/dL, diikuti kelompok yang mendapatkan susu kedelai bubuk 2 kali/hari (270,17 mg/dL), kelompok yang mendapatkan susu kedelai bubuk 3 kali/hari (232,67 mg/dL), dan kelompok yang mendapatkan susu kedelai rumah tangga sebanyak 3 kali/hari (178 mg/dL), sedangkan hasil penurunan kadar GDP rata-rata kontrol positif adalah 16,17 mg/dL. Hasil penurunan kadar GDP rata-rata kelompok perlakuan berbeda signifikan terhadap kelompok kontrol positif (p=0,003), namun tidak terdapat perbedaan penurunan kadar GDP yang signifikan antara masing-masing kelompok perlakuan (p=0,425). Simpulan, kedua jenis susu kedelai, baik susu kedelai bubuk maupun susu kedelai rumah tangga dapat menurunkan kadar GDP pada tikus DM hasil induksi aloksan, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan antara pemberian susu kedelai bubuk dan susu kedelai rumah tangga. Frekuensi pemberian kedua jenis susu kedelai tidak memberikan perbedaan penurunan glukosa darah. [MKB. 2011;43(2):98–104].

Kata kunci: Glukosa darah, susu kedelai bubuk, susu kedelai rumah tangga, tikus diabetes melitus

The Comparison of Powdered Soymilk and Domestic Soymilk Administration on Fasting Blood Glucose Level on Induced Diabetic Melitus Rats Aloxan Monohydrate

Several researches had proven that soybean and its processed goods have many benefits for several metabolism disorders, one of which is diabetes mellitus (DM). The objective of this research was to determine and compare the decrease in fasting blood glucose level after administration of powdered soymilk to domestic soymilk which was injected into diabetic rats caused by aloxan injection. This research study was conducted in Farmacology Clinic Department Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung on October−December 2008, with as a randomized, positivecontrolled clinical trial. Thirty mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, one of which was a control group. Fasting blood glucose (FBG) level from each group were measured after 14 days of soymilk administration. The group which was administered domestic soymilk twice daily had the highest mean decrease of FBG level (297.67 mg/dL), followed by the group powdered soymilk twice daily (270.17 mg/dL), the group with powdered soymilk three times daily (232.67 mg/dL), and the group with domestic soymilk three times daily (178 mg/dL), meanwhile the positive-controlled group had mean decrease of FBG level as 16,67 mg/dL. The result was significant compared to positive-controlled group (p=0.003). However, the difference between each group was not significant (p=0.425). It is concluded that two types of soymilk, powdered and domestic, decrease the FBG level in diabetic rats, however, the difference between the two types are insignificant. The frequency of administration of the two types of soymilk also do not give difference in decreasing the blood glucose level. [MKB. 2011;43(2):98–104].

Key words: Blood glucose level, diabetic mellitus rat, domestic soymilk, powdered soymilk

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v43n2.51