Resistensi parasit P. falciparum dan penurunan efikasi terhadap artemisinin mengakibatkan masalah malaria menjadi semakin kompleks. Hal ini menjadi salah satu permasalahan kesehatan di dunia yang belum dapat diselesaikan sampai saat ini karena belum ada obat baru pengganti artemisinin. Penelitian ini untuk membuktikan bahwa paparan obat antimalaria artemisinin berulang in vitro dapat menyebabkan perubahan profil fenotipik P. falciparum galur Papua 2300. Waktu penelitian Februari sampai dengan November 2013. Tempat penelitian di Biomedik Universitas Brawijaya Malang dan Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Airlangga. Desain penelitian experimental design dengan post test only control group design. Kultur P. falciparum galur Papua 2300 dipapar artemisinin berulang dengan dosis IC50. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap viabilitas dan nilai IC50 dengan menggunakan analisis probit. Kelompok kontrol tidak menunjukkan perubahan nilai IC50 juga pada kelompok perlakuan PO1. Nilai IC50 terjadi peningkatan setelah perlakuan PO2. Paparan artemisinin berulang pada PO2, PO3, dan PO4 menyebabkan waktu viabilitas P. falciparum galur Papua 2300 lebih pendek daripada PO1. Viabilitas stabil setelah perlakuan PO3. Simpulan, paparan artemisinin berulang berpengaruh pada perubahan peningkatkan nilai IC50 dan waktu viabilitas P. falciparum galur Papua 2300. [MKB. 2015;47(1):1–9]
Kata kunci: Artemisinin, fenotipik, P. falciparum galur Papua 2300, resistensi
Phenotypic Profile of Plasmodium falciparum Papua 2300 Strain Exposed to in Vitro Antimalarial Artemisinin
The presence of the P. falciparum resistance and decreased of efficacy against artemisinin and its derivatives result in increasingly complex malaria issues. Malaria has become one of the currently unresolved world’s health problems due to the lack of new artemisinin replacement drugs. This study aimed to provide evidence that the repeated exposure of in vitro artemisinin may cause a change in P. falciparum Papua 2300 strain phenotypic. This study was conducted during the period of February to November 2013 in Biomedics Brawijaya University and the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga University. A post-test control only experimental design was used. In vitro cultures of P. falciparum Papua 2300 strain were treated by repeated artemisin in IC50 concentration and were observed for their viability and IC50 using probit analysis. The control group did not show any changes after IC50value and PO1 treatment. An increase in IC50 value was occurred after PO2. Repeated exposures of artemisinin in PO2, PO3 and PO4 had shorter viability periods than PO1. The viability of was stable after PO3 in this group. In conclusion, repeated exposures of artemisinin influence changes in IC50 value and viability period of P. falciparum Papua 2300 strain. [MKB. 2015;47(1):1–9]
Key words: Artemisinin, phenotypic, P. falciparum Papua 2300, resistance
