Hubungan Kadar Albumin Serum dengan Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Urine pada Penderita Sindrom Nefrotik Anak

Abstract

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin  (NGAL)  merupakan  penanda biologis  kerusakan ginjal yang kadarnya meningkat sejalan dengan terjadinya kerusakan pada tubulus proksimal. Tujuan  penelitian untuk  menganalisis hubungan  kadar albumin serum dengan NGAL urine pada penderita SN anak dalam serangan.  Subjek adalah  penderita SN dalam serangan berusia 1−14 tahun. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan metode potong lintang dilaksanakan  di Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak Rumah  Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dan Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kota Bandung dari September 2011 sampai Maret 2012. Pemeriksaan kadar albumin serum  dilakukan dengan metode bromcresol green dan  NGAL urine dengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Uji statistik dengan Korelasi  Pearson  untuk data dengan distribusi normal.  Subjek terdiri atas 14 laki-laki dan 10 perempuan. Kadar albumin serum rerata dan  NGAL urine rerata  adalah 1,37 (SB 0,33) g/dL dan  2.719,37 (SB 3.781,82) ng/mL.  Hasil analisis menunjukkan hubungan bermakna antara penurunan kadar albumin serum dan  peningkatan kadar NGAL urine (r=-0,519; p=0,009).  Simpulan, semakin rendah kadar albumin serum maka semakin tinggi kadar  NGAL urine. Pada penderita SN anak dengan hipoalbuminemia perlu diwaspadai penurunan fungsi ginjal.    

Kata kunci: Albumin, anak,  NGAL urine, sindrom nefrotik



Correlation between Serum Albumin and Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase Associated Lipocalin Levels in Children with Nephrotic Syndrome

Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a biological marker found in kidney damage that increases in proximal tubular  damage. The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between serum albumin and  urine NGAL (uNGAL) levels in children with NS at initial presentation or relapse. Subjects in this study were 1−14 year-old children with NS. An observational analytical study with cross sectional design was conducted in the Pediatric Department of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and Bandung City Public Hospital from September 2011 to March 2012. The serum albumin level and uNGAL level were measured using bromcresol green method and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), respectively. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation test on normal distribution data. Subjects consisted of 14 boys  and 10 girls. Mean serum albumin  and  uNGAL levels were 1.37 (SD 0.33) g/dL  and  2,719.37 (SD 3,781.82) ng/mL, respectively. There was a significant correlation between decreased albumin level and elevated uNGAL level (r=−0.519, p=0.009). In conclusion, the lower the albumin level, the higher the uNGAL level. An awareness should be developed towards the possibility that hypoalbuminemia in children with NS might decrease renal function.

Key words:  Albumin, children, nephrotic syndrome, uNGAL

DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n3.319