Kadar Interleukin-6 Serum pada Karsinoma Payudara Lanjut Lokal dan yang Bermetastasis

Abstract

Karsinoma payudara merupakan kanker pada wanita dengan frekuensi tertinggi di dunia dan merupakan penyebab kematian utama. Pasien karsinoma payudara mengalami periode stres fisik dan emosional yang mendorong diproduksinya protein seperti interleukin-6 (IL-6). Interleukin-6 berperan penting dalam tumorigenesis karsinoma payudara melalui aktivasi jalur janus kinase (JAK). Penelitian ini mengukur kadar IL-6 serum yang berperan penting pada patogenesis molekuler proses metastasis pada karsinoma payudara lanjut lokal (KPLL) dibandingkan dengan karsinoma payudara bermetastasis (KPM). Rancangan penelitian adalah potong lintang, analitik komparatif dengan membandingkan kadar IL-6 serum rata-rata pada kedua kelompok KPLL dan KPM. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung (RSHS) dari Juni–November 2012. Subjek penelitian adalah 35 pasien yang terdiri atas 18 KPLL dan 17 KPM. Kadar IL-6 diukur dengan teknik pemeriksaan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini kadar IL-6 serum rata-rata pada KPLL 4,99 pg/mL dan kadar IL-6 serum pada KPM 32,73 pg/mL. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna kadar IL-6 serum antara KPLL dan KPM, p<0,01. Hasil analisis dengan uji chi-kuadrat pada derajat kepercayaan 95%, bahwa terdapat hubungan kadar IL-6 serum dengan kejadian metastasis. Subjek dengan kadar IL-6 serum >9,85 pg/mL memiliki risiko kejadian metastasis 37,5 kali dibandingkan dengan kadar IL-6 serum ≤9,85 pg/mL. Simpulan, kadar IL-6 serum pada KPM lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan KPLL. [MKB. 2014;46(1):15–21]

Kata kunci: Interleukin-6, KPLL, KPM

Serum Interleukin-6 Levels in Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer

Breast carcinoma is a cancer in women with the highest frequency in the world and is the leading cause of death. Patients with breast carcinoma experience periods of stress both physical and emotional which encourages them to produce proteins such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Interleukin-6 plays an important role in tumorigenesis via activation of janus activated kinase (JAK). This study measured the levels of serum IL-6 which plays an important role in the molecular pathogenesis of metastasis in locally advanced breast cancer (LABC) compared to metastatic breast cancer (MBC). The study design was cross-sectional, comparative analytics by comparing the mean levels of IL-6 in both groups: LABC and MBC. The study was conducted at the Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung (RSHS) from June–November 2012. Subjects were 35 women consisting of 18 LABC and 17 MBC. Levels of serum IL-6 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. The results of this study show that the mean levels of serum IL-6 on LABC 4.99 pg/mL and the mean levels of serum IL-6 on MBC 32.73 pg/mL. There was a significant difference between the levels of serum IL-6 on LABC and MBC, p<0.01. Results of the analysis with chi-square test shows there is a correlation between level of IL-6 with metastasis incidence. Subjects with levels of serum IL-6>9.85 pg/mL had 37,5 times higher risk for incidence of metastasis. In conclusion, the levels of serum IL-6 on MBCare higher than LABC. [MKB. 2014;46(1):15–21]

Key words: Interleukin-6, LABC, MBC

DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n1.222