Hubungan Kadar IL-8 Sekret Mukosa Hidung pada Rinosinusitis Kronik tanpa Polip-Nonalergi dengan Fungsi Penghidu Setelah Pemberian Antibiotik Makrolid

Abstract

Rinosinusitis kronik (RSK) merupakan inflamasi kronik dengan etiologi multifaktorial. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) adalah sitokin proinflamasi yang dominan pada RSK tanpa polip-nonalergi. Penurunan fungsi penghidu merupakan suatu gejala yang sering dikeluhkan. Klaritromisin merupakan antibiotik makrolid yang efektif karena memiliki efek antibakteri dan antiinflamasi. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui perbaikan gejala klinis, fungsi penghidu dan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung, serta mencari korelasi IL-8 dengan fungsi penghidu pada RSK tanpa polip-nonalergi.Penelitian ini merupakan randomized clinical trial open labeled pre and posttest design. Data dianalisis memakai Uji Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, dan korelasi Rank Spearman. Penelitian berlangsung di poliklinik Ilmu Kesehatan Telinga Hidung Tenggorok Bedah Kepala Leher Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin pada 26 subjek yang dibagi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama diberikan klaritromisin dan kelompok kedua diberikan amoksisilin-klavulanat. Diagnosis berdasarkan penilaian skor gejala dengan visual analogue scale (VAS), nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu dengan sniffin sticks test, dan dilakukan pengukuran kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung dengan metode enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Didapatkan perbaikan VAS, nasoendoskopi, fungsi penghidu, dan kadar IL-8 yang signifikan (p=0,001) pada kedua kelompok pascaterapi, dan penurunan skor VAS total yang signifikan pada kelompok klaritromisin (p=0,036). Terdapat korelasi signifikan penurunan kadar IL-8 dengan peningkatan fungsi penghidu (p=0,05) dan dengan gejala hidung tersumbat (p=0,022) hanya pada kelompok klaritromisin. Simpulan, pemberian klaritromisin efektif menurunkan gejala klinis terutama hidung tersumbat, meningkatkan fungsi penghidu, dan menurunkan kadar IL-8 sekret mukosa hidung pada RSK tanpa polip nonalergi. [MKB. 2014;46(1):6–14]

Kata kunci: Interleukin-8, klaritromisin, rinosinusitis kronik tanpa polip nonalergi, sniffin sticks test

Correlation between IL-8 level of Nasal Secretion in Non Allergic-Chronic Rhinosunusitis without Nasal Polyp and Olfactory Function After Macrolide Treatment

 Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic inflammatory disease caused by multifactorial etiology. Interleukin-8 (IL-8) plays an important role as a major proinflammatory cytokine in non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp. The common symptom is olfactory function disturbance. Claritrhomycin as a macrolide antibiotics is effective for CRS because of their antibacterial and antiinflamatory activities. The purpose of this study was to observe improvement of clinical symptom depending on the visual analogue scale (VAS) score, olfactory function, IL-8 level of nasal secretion, and correlation between IL-8 with olfactory function in non-allergic CRS without nasal polyp. This was a randomized controlled trial open labeled pre- and post-test design. Data analysis used Wilcoxon, Mann Whitney, and rank Spearman correlation test. This study was conducted at the Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Division of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. There were 26 subjects divided in two groups, the first group was given clarithromycin and the second group was given amoxicillin-clavulanate. The two groups underwent visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment, nasoendoscopy, sniffing sticks test and nasal secretion of IL-8 by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The two groups had a significant improvement VAS score after therapy (p=0.001) and clarithromycin group showed a statistically significant (p=0.036) effect on decreasing the total VAS score compared to the amoxcicillin-clavulanate group. There was significant correlations between decreasing IL-8 level, increasing olfactory function (p=0.05), and nasal obstruction symptom in VAS (p=0.022) was showed only in clarithromycin group. In conclusion, clarithromycin is effective in reducing clinical symptoms, especially in nasal obstruction, increasing olfactory function and decreasing IL-8 of nasal mucous secretion in non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp. [MKB. 2014;46(1):6–14]

Key words: Clarithromycin, interleukin-8, non allergic-chronic rhinosinusitis without polyp, sniffin sticks test

DOI: 10.15395/mkb.v46n1.221