Polimorfisme C1167T Gen Reseptor Tipe II Transforming Growth Factor-â, Kadar Soluble Endoglin, dan Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 pada Preeklamsia

Abstract

Transforming growth factor-â (TGF-â) diduga berperan pada preeklamsia. Reseptor TGF-â tipe II (TâR-II) dihasilkan dari transkripsi gen TGF-â receptor type II (TGFBR2). Polimorfisme gen TGFBR2 pada basa C1167T dapat menyebabkan hipoksia yang menginduksi iskemia serta meningkatkan produksi solubel endoglin (sEng) dan vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui korelasi polimorfisme gen TGFBR2 pada basa C1167T dengan kadar sEng dan VCAM-1 ibu preeklamsia. Subjek adalah ibu preeklamsia usia kehamilan 28–42 minggu dan kehamilan normal sebagai kontrol, masing-masing 120 orang. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Hasan Sadikin, Bandung, September 2008–Mei 2009. Sampel berupa darah vena, pemeriksaan polimorfisme dilakukan dengan DNA Wizard® genomic DNA purification, kadar sEng dan VCAM-1 dengan imunoesai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan polimorfisme CT pada kelompok preeklamsia 92 (76,7%) dan kontrol 70 (58,3%) {p<0,001; OR (95%CI): 2,35 (1,30–4,26)}. Kadar sEng (ng/mL) 12,46 berbanding 10,29 pada kelompok kontrol {p<0,001; OR (95%CI): 3,71 (2,11–6,57)}. Kadar VCAM-1 berbeda bermakna, yaitu 1.218,43 berbanding 705,59 {(p<0,001; OR (95%CI): 7,56 (4,11–14,0)}. Disimpulkan terdapat perbedaan proporsi dan korelasi polimorfisme C1167T gen TGFBR2, kadar sEng, dan VCAM-1 antara preeklamsia dan kehamilan normal. [MKB. 2010;42(3):115-22].

Kata kunci: Polimorfisme gen TGFBR2, preeklamsia, sEng, VCAM-1

C1167T Type II Transforming Growth Factor-â Receptor Gene Polymorphism, Soluble Endoglin and Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule 1 Levels in Preeclampsia

Transforming growth factor-â (TGF-â) plays a role in preeclampsia. TGF-â receptor type II (TâR-II) is produced from the transcription of the type II TGF-â receptor gene (TGFBR2). Polymorphism of TGFBR2 gene on the base C1167T could cause hipoxia that induces ischaemia and product soluble endoglin (sEng) and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). The aim was to find out the association of C1167T type II TGF-â receptor gene polymorphism with sEng and VCAM-1 levels in preeclampsia. The study was done at Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung, September 2008–May 2009. Indicates that C1167T polymorphism events were found in the preeclampsia that were 92(76.7%) of 120 cases and 70 (58.3%) control of 120 normal pregnancies with the difference in the appearance polymorphism which means p<0.001 OR (95%CI):2,35 (1.30–4.26). There was a difference between sEng (ng/μL) 12.46 for preeclampsia and 10.29 for the control group p<0.001 OR (95%CI): 3.71 (2.11–6.57). There was also a difference between VCAM-1 (ng/μL) 1,218.43 for the preeclampsia and 705.59 for the control group {p<0.001 OR (95%CI): 7.56 (4.11–14.0)}. There was a result that in preeclamptic patient having polymorphism sEng level was 14.19 ng/mL and VCAM-1 level is 961,85 ng/mL. It is concluded that there are difference proportion and association of C1167T type II TGF-â receptor gene polymorphism with sEng and VCAM-1 levels between preeclampsia and normal pregnancy patients. [MKB. 2010;42(3):115-22].

Key words: Preeclampsia, sEng, TGFBR2 gene polymorphism, VCAM-1

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v42n3.22