Effects of Ethanolic Extract of Curcuma Longa on Cardiac Biomarkers of Doxorubicin-Induced Rats

Lydia Ernawati Rahayu, Linda Chiuman, Chrismis Novalinda Ginting, Sahna Ferdinand Ginting

Abstract


Cardiotoxicity is a condition where damages caused by toxic chemical exposure are observed in heart and blood vessels. Doxorubicin is the most common chemotherapy agents for various types of cancer therapy. However, doxorubicin is converted into doxorubicinol known to trigger cardiac disfunctions and release of several cardiac biomarkers, such as CK-MB and LDH. Turmeric is known to be an alternative medical treatment that has the effect of neutralizing oxidative stress. This study aimed to evaluate CK-MB and LDH levels in doxorubicin-induced rats (20 mg/kgBW) that received turmeric ethanolic extract from curcuma. This was an experimental study conducted in February 2020 in the Faculty of Pharmacy Universitas Sumatera Utara. The rats were divided into six group and each group consisted of wistar albino male rats. The groups were normal (CMC-Na), positive control (Vitamin E 1%+Dox 20 mg/kgBW), negative control (Dox 20 mg/kgBW), treatment I (EEC 100 mg/kgBW+Dox 20 mg/kgBW), treatment II (EEC 300 mg/kgBW+Dox 20 mg/kgBW), and treatment III (EEC 500 mg/kgBW+Dox 15 mg/kgBW). Doxorubicin was given 5 mg/kgBW once a week for four weeks. Results showed that the groups that received 100 mg/kg BW, 300 mg/kgBW, and 500 mg/kgBW of turmeric ethanol extract demonstrated a reducing effect on the biomarkers of cardiac damage, i.e. CK-MB and LDH. Statistically, serum CK-MB and LDH levels at dose 500 mg/kgBW showed no significant differences (p>0.05) with the normal and positive treatment group. In conclusion, turmeric has a cardioprotective effect.

 

Pengaruh Kardioprotektif Ekstrak Etanol Curcuma Longa pada Tikus yang Diinduksi Doxorubicin

Kardiotoksisitas adalah kondisi terjadinya jantung dan pembuluh darah akibat paparan kimia. Doxorubicin diubah menjadi doxorubicinol yang diketahui menyebabkan gangguan fungsi jantung dan pelepasan biomarker jantung sseperti CK-MB dan LDH. Kunyit dikenal sebagai pengobatan alternatif yang memiliki efek menetralkan stres oksidatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada Februari 2020 di Fakultas Farmasi Universitas Sumatera Utara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengevaluasi kadar CK-MB dan LDH pada tikus yang diberi ekstrak etanol kunyit yang diinduksi doksorubisin (20 mg/kgbb). Penelitian dibagi menjadi enam kelompok dan tiap-tiap kelompok terdiri atas 4 ekor tikus wistar albino jantan: normal (CMC-Na), kontrol positif (Vitamin E 1%+Dox 20 mg/kgBB), kontrol negatif (Dox 20 mg/kgBB), group I (EEC 100 mg/kgBB+Dox 20 mg/kgBB), group II (EEC 300 mg/kgBB+Dox 20 mg/kgBB), dan group III (EEC 500 mg/kgBB+Dox 15 mg/kgBB). Doxorubicin 5 mg/kgBB diberikan 4 kali. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kelompok yang diberi ekstrak etanol kunyit dengan dosis 100 mg/kgBB, 300 mg/kgbb, 500 mg/kgBB memiliki efek penurunan biomarker kerusakan jantung yaitu CK-MB dan LDH. Berdasar atas hasil uji statistik kadar CK-MB dan LDH serum pada dosis 500 mg/kgBB tidak terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna (p>0,05) dengan kelompok normal dan positif, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kunyit memiliki efek kardioprotektif.


Keywords


Cardiotoxicity; CK-MB; LDH

Full Text:

PDF

References


Septiana AT, Handayani I, Winarsi H. Aktivitas antioksidan dan sifat fisikokimia madu temulawak (curcuma zanthorrhiza roxb) yang ditambah ekstrak jahe (zingiber officinale rosc). Jurnal Aplikasi Teknologi Pangan. 2019;8(4):155–60.

Marques-Aleixo I, Santos-Alves E, Oliveira PJ, Moreira PI, Magalhães J, Ascensão A. The beneficial role of exercise in mitigating doxorubicin-induced Mitochondrionopathy. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA)-reviews on cancer. Elsevier BV. 2018;1869(2):189–99.

Economopoulou P, Kentepozidis N, Kotsakis A, Kapiris I. Cancer therapy and cardiovascular risk: focus on bevacizumab. Cancer Management and Research. Informa UK Limited. 2015:4(10):179–80.

Ghazali MT, Arsito PN. Uji aktivitas hepatoprotektif teh hijau kombucha pada tikus putih yang diinduksi parasetamol. Jurnal Ilmiah Farmasi Universitas Islam Indonesia (Islamic University of Indonesia). 2012:9(2):20.

Comparison of obesity prevalence, based on body mass index, waist circumference and waist/hip ratio, in patients with coronary artery disease (which method should be used?). Atherosclerosis Supplements. Elsevier BV; 2002. p. 210.

Ewer MS, Ewer SM. Cardiotoxicity of anticancer treatments: what the cardiologist needs to know. Nat Rev Cardiol. 2010;7(10): 564–75.

Clafshenkel WP, King TL, Kotlarczyk MP, Cline JM, Foster WG, Davis VL, et al. Morinda citrifolia (Noni) Juice augments mammary gland differentiation and reduces mammary tumor growth in mice expressing the unactivated c-erbB2 transgene. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2012;2(8):1–15

Idris H, Nurmansyah N. Efektivitas ekstrak etanol beberapa tanaman obat sebagai bahan baku fungisida nabati untuk mengendalikan Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Buletin Penelitian Tanaman Rempah dan Obat. 2016;26(2):117.

Imbaby S, Ewais M, Essawy S, Farag N. Cardioprotective effects of curcumin and nebivolol against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rats. Hum Exp Toxicol. 2014:3(38):800–13.

Gunes S, Sahinturk V, Karasati P, Sahin IK, Ayhanci A. Cardioprotective effect of selenium against cyclophosphamide-induced cardiotoxicity in rats. Biol Trace Elem Res. 2017;177(1):107–14.

Namdari M, Eatemadi A. Cardioprotective effects of curcumin-loaded magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite (nanocurcumin) against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rat cardiomyocyte cell lines. Artif Cells Nanomed Biotechnol. 2017;45(4):731–9.

Yang Y, Duan W, Lin Y, Yi W, Liang Z, Yan J, et al. SIRT1 activation by curcumin pretreatment attenuates mitochondrial oxidative damage induced by myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. Free Radic Biol Med. 2013;65:667–79.

Duan J, Mansour HM, Zhang Y, Deng X, Chen Y, Wang J, et al. Reversion of multidrug resistance by co-encapsulation of doxorubicin and curcumin in chitosan/poly(butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles. Int J Pharm. 2012;426(1-2):193–201.

Notarbartolo M, Poma P, Perri D, Dusonchet L, Cervello M, D’Alessandro N. Antitumor effects of curcumin, alone or in combination with cisplatin or doxorubicin, on human hepatic cancer cells. Analysis of their possible relationship to changes in NF-kB activation levels and in IAP gene expression.Cancer Lett. 2005;224(1):53–65.

Barui S, Saha S, Mondal G, Haseena S, Chaudhuri A. Simultaneous delivery of doxorubicin and curcumin encapsulated in liposomes of pegylated RGDK-lipopeptide to tumor vasculature. Biomaterials. 2014; 35(5):1643–56.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v52n4.2121

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 767 times
PDF - 422 times

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.


 


Creative Commons License
MKB is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

 


View My Stats