Penurunan Tekanan Intraokular Pascabedah Katarak pada Kelompok Sudut Bilik Mata Depan Tertutup dan Terbuka
Abstract
Penebalan lensa kristalina pada katarak senilis mengakibatkan hambatan pada jalur aliran akuos. Pascabedah katarak terjadi peningkatan kedalaman bilik mata depan (BMD) yang memiliki korelasi positif dengan pelebaran sudut BMD serta penurunan tekanan intraokular (TIO). Tujuan penelitian untuk menganalisis perbedaan penurunan TIO pascabedah katarak pada kelompok sudut BMD tertutup dan terbuka. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-post test, untuk membandingkan penurunan TIO pascabedah katarak fakoemulsifikasi pada 26 mata dari 26 orang penderita, yang dibagi menjadi kelompok sudut BMD tertutup dan terbuka masing-masing berjumlah 13 mata. Tempat penelitian Rumah Sakit Mata Cicendo Bandung periode Maret–Juni 2012. Pengambilan data berdasarkan urutan datang penderita yang direncanakan operasi katarak fakoemulsifikasi. Penilaian sudut bilik mata depan prabedah dilakukan menggunakan lensa gonio Sussman 4-mirror. Tekanan intraokular pascabedah diukur saat pemantauan minggu ketiga pascabedah. Penilaian TIO pra dan pascabedah dilakukan menggunakan alat ukur tonometri aplanasi Goldmann. Analisis statistik dilakukan menggunakan uji t. Hasil menunjukkan perbedaan penurunan TIO secara bermakna lebih besar pada kelompok sudut BMD tertutup (19,6%) dibandingkan dengan kelompok sudut BMD terbuka (11,3%) dengan nilai p=0,022. Simpulan, perbedaan penurunan TIO pascabedah katarak fakoemulsifikasi lebih besar pada kelompok sudut BMD tertutup dibandingkan dengan kelompok sudut BMD terbuka. [MKB. 2013;45(1):56–61]
Kata kunci: Gonioskopi, katarak senilis, pascabedah fakoemulsifikasi, sudut bilik mata depan, tekanan intraokular
Intraocular Pressure Reduction after Cataract Surgery between Groups with Angle-Closure and Open-Angle Anterior Chamber
Increased crystalline lens thickness in senile cataract causing resistance to aqueous humor outflow. Increased anterior chamber depth had a positive correlation with the widening of the anterior chamber angle and decreased of intraocular pressure (IOP) after cataract extraction. The purpose of this study was to compare IOP reduction after cataract surgery between angle-closure and open-angle group. This pre-post test design study was to compare IOP after phacoemulsification cataract surgery in 26 eyes of 26 patients divided into angle-closure and open-angle groups consisting of 13 eyes each. The study was conducted in Cicendo Eye Hospital Bandung in period of March until June 2012. Patients who planned to have phacoemulsification cataract surgery were recruited consecutively. The anterior chamber angle was measured before surgery using Sussman 4-mirror goniolens. The intraocular pressure were measured before and three weeks after surgery using Goldmann aplanation tonometer. Statistical analysis was done using t test. The results indicated that IOP reduction was statistically significant greater in the angle-closure group (19.6%) compared with open-angle group (11.3%) with p=0.022. In conclusion, IOP reduction after phacoemulsification cataract surgery was greater in the angle-closure group compared with open-angle group. [MKB. 2013;45(1):56–61]
Key words: Anterior chamber angle, gonioscopy, intraocular pressure, phacoemulsification surgery, senile cataract
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