Infeksi human immunodeficiency virus masih merupakan masalah kesehatan global, termasuk di Indonesia dan pemakai narkoba suntik merupakan populasi yang besar di antara orang dengan  infeksi HIV/AIDS (ODHA) yang berperan penting dalam  transmisi infeksi HIV. Opioid banyak digunakan penasun dan memengaruhi ekspresi CCR5 serta CXCR4 yang merupakan  koreseptor yang digunakan oleh HIV untuk menginfeksi sel limfosit T CD4. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisisperbedaan  ekspresi koreseptor HIV CCR5 dan CXCR4 antara ODHA penasun dan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan  rancangan cross sectional ini dilaksanakan pada September 2011−Mei 2013. Subjek penelitian adalah ODHA penasun yang diikutsertakan secara consecutive sampling  di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung  serta di komunitas di Jawa Barat. Pemeriksaan ekspresi koreseptor CCR5, CXCR4 dan jumlah sel limfosit T CD4 dilakukan dengan metode flowsitometri. Ditemukan 80 orang subjek penelitian dengan 17 orang pengguna narkoba suntik aktif, 16 orang dalam terapi metadon, 15 orang mantan penasun, dan 32 orang bukan pemakai narkoba. Persentase CXCR4 di permukaan sel limfosit T CD4 lebih tinggi bermakna pada ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba dibanding dengan ODHA penasun (86,13; 78,23; p 0,001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna  ekspresi CCR5 dan MFI CXCR4 di permukaan sel limfosit T CD4 antara ODHA penasun dan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba (p>0,05).  Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwaekspresi CXCR4  lebih tinggi pada ODHA penasun dibanding dengan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba pada sel limfosit T CD4. Ekspresi koreseptor CXCR4 yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan CCR5 baik pada kelompok ODHA penasun dan bukan pemakai narkoba.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 Expression Profile in Injecting Drug Users Living with HIV 

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered as global health problem, includingin Indonesia. A large proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) are Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) who play an important role in HIV transmission. Opioid that is used by many IDUs influence the expression of CCR5 and CXCR4, which are the co-receptors used by HIV to infect CD4 T lymphocyte cells. This study aimed to compare the expression of HV CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors between IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs. This was a crossectional analytical observation performed in the period of September 2011−May 2013 on IDU PLHAs who were sampled consecutively in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and community in West Java. Flowcytometry was used for analyzing CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors as well as the CD4 T lymphocyte count. Eighty subjects were included in the study, consisting of 17 active injecting drug users, 16 IDUs on methadone therapy, 15 former IDUs, and 32 non-drug user PLHAs. The percentage of CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface was significantly higher in non-drug user PLHAs when compared to IDU PLHAs (86,13; 78,23; p 0,001). No significant difference was found in the expression of CCR5 and MFI CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface between IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs (p>0,05).  It is concluded that the expression of CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface is higher in IDU PLHAs compared to non-drug user PLHAs. The expression of CXCR4 co-receptors is higher than the expression of CCR5 both in IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs.

Indonesian National AIDS Commission. Republic of Indonesia Country Report on the Follow Up to the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) Reporting Period 2010−2011. Jakarta; 2012.

Strathdee SA, Stockman JK. Epidemiology of HIV among injecting and non-injecting drug users: current trends and implications for interventions. Curr HIV/AIDS Rep. Springer; 2010;7(2):99–106.

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Global report: UNAIDS report on the global AIDS epidemic 2010. UNAIDS; 2010.

Iskandar S, Basar D, Hidayat T, Siregar IMP, Pinxten L, van Crevel R, dkk. High risk behavior for HIV transmission among former injecting drug users: a survey from Indonesia. BMC Public Health BioMed Central. 2010;10(1):472.

Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia. Integrated Biological and Behavioural Surveillance (IBBS) 2011. Jakarta: Ministry of Health Republic of Indonesia; 2011.

Indonesian National AIDS Commission. Republic of Indonesia Country Report on the Follow Up to the Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS) Reporting Period 2008-2009. Jakarta; 2009.

Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. Global Report 2012: UNAIDS Report on the Global AIDS Epidemic. United Nations.; 2012.

Iskandar S, van Crevel R, Siregar IMP, Achmad TH, der Ven A, De Jong CAJ. Prevention and treatment of HIV addicted patients: A biopsychosocial approach. Addict Dis. 2009;7(8):10–1.

Greene W. Molecular biology of HIV: implications for new therapies. In: Volberding P, Lange J, Greene W, editors. Global HIV/AIDS medicine. Edisi ke-1. China: Elsevier; 2008. hlm. 23–38.

Alkhatib G. The biology of CCR5 and CXCR4. Curr Opin HIV AIDS. NIH Public Access. 2009;4(2):96.

Burbassi S, Aloyo VJ, Simansky KJ, Meucci O. GTPγS Incorporation in the rat brain: a study on μ-opioid receptors and CXCR4. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2008;3(1):26–34.

Wisaksana R, Indrati AK, Fibriani A, Rogayah E, Sudjana P, Djajakusumah TS, dkk. Response to first-line antiretroviral treatment among human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients with and without a history of injecting drug use in Indonesia. Addiction. 2010;105(6):1055–61.

World Health Organization. ATLAS of Substance Use Disorders Resources for the Prevention and Treatment of Substance Use Disorders (SUD) Country Profile: Indonesia. Jakarta: World Health Organization; 2010.

Meijerink H. Injecting drug use as a risk factor for TB among HIV-infected patients in Indonesia. 42nd Union World Lung Health Conference. Lille, France; 2011.

Morineau G, Bollen LJM, Syafitri RI, Nurjannah N, Mustikawati DE, Magnani R. HIV prevalence and risk behaviours among injecting drug users in six indonesian cities implications for future HIV prevention programs. Harm Reduct J. 2012;9(1):37.

Meijerink H, Wisaksana R, Iskandar S, Heijer M, Ven AJAM, Alisjahbana B, dkk. Injecting drug use is associated with a more rapid CD4 cell decline among treatment naive HIV-positive patients in Indonesia. J Int AIDS Soc. 2014;17:18844.

De Boer RJ. Time scales of CD4+ T cell depletion in HIV infection. PLoS Med. 2007;4(5):e193.

Indrati AR, Meijerink H, Garna H, Alisjahbana B, Parwati I, van Crevel R, dkk. Ekspresi koreseptor human immunodeficiency virus CCR5 dan CXCR4 pada subset sel limfosit T serta monosit. Indones J Clin Pathol Med Lab. 2016;18(2):129–33.

Finley MJ, Chen X, Bardi G, Davey P, Geller EB, Zhang L, dkk. Bi-directional heterologous desensitization between the major HIV-1 co-receptor CXCR4 and the opioid receptor. J Neuroimmunol. 2008;197(2):114–23.

Sengupta R, Burbassi S, Shimizu S, Cappello S, Vallee RB, Rubin JB, dkk. Morphine increases brain levels of ferritin heavy chain leading to inhibition of CXCR4-mediated survival signaling in neurons. J Neurosci. Soc Neuroscience; 2009;29(8):2534–44.

birutoto

slot gacor hari ini

situs toto

suarairama pestanada beritabandar rumahjurnal podiumnews dailyinfo wikiberita zonamusiktop musicpromote bengkelpintar liburanyuk jelajahhijau carimobilindonesia jalanjalan-indonesia otomotifmotorindo ngobrol olahraga mabar dapurkuliner radarbandung indosiar radarjawa medianews infowarkop kalbarnews ketapangnews beritabumi kabarsantai outfit faktagosip beritagram lagupopuler seputardigital updatecepat marihidupsehat baliutama hotviralnews cctvjalanan beritajalan beritapembangunan pontianaknews monitorberita koronovirus museros iklanjualbeli festajunina capoeiravadiacao georgegordonfirstnation 1reservoir revisednews