Profil Ekspresi Koreseptor Human Immunodeficiency Virus CCR5 dan CXCR4 pada penderita Infeksi Human Immunodeficiency Virus yang menggunakan Narkoba Suntik
Abstract
Infeksi human immunodeficiency virus masih merupakan masalah kesehatan global, termasuk di Indonesia dan pemakai narkoba suntik merupakan populasi yang besar di antara orang dengan infeksi HIV/AIDS (ODHA) yang berperan penting dalam transmisi infeksi HIV. Opioid banyak digunakan penasun dan memengaruhi ekspresi CCR5 serta CXCR4 yang merupakan koreseptor yang digunakan oleh HIV untuk menginfeksi sel limfosit T CD4. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisisperbedaan ekspresi koreseptor HIV CCR5 dan CXCR4 antara ODHA penasun dan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba. Penelitian observasional analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional ini dilaksanakan pada September 2011−Mei 2013. Subjek penelitian adalah ODHA penasun yang diikutsertakan secara consecutive sampling di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung serta di komunitas di Jawa Barat. Pemeriksaan ekspresi koreseptor CCR5, CXCR4 dan jumlah sel limfosit T CD4 dilakukan dengan metode flowsitometri. Ditemukan 80 orang subjek penelitian dengan 17 orang pengguna narkoba suntik aktif, 16 orang dalam terapi metadon, 15 orang mantan penasun, dan 32 orang bukan pemakai narkoba. Persentase CXCR4 di permukaan sel limfosit T CD4 lebih tinggi bermakna pada ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba dibanding dengan ODHA penasun (86,13; 78,23; p 0,001). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna ekspresi CCR5 dan MFI CXCR4 di permukaan sel limfosit T CD4 antara ODHA penasun dan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba (p>0,05). Dari penelitian ini disimpulkan bahwaekspresi CXCR4 lebih tinggi pada ODHA penasun dibanding dengan ODHA bukan pemakai narkoba pada sel limfosit T CD4. Ekspresi koreseptor CXCR4 yang lebih tinggi dibanding dengan CCR5 baik pada kelompok ODHA penasun dan bukan pemakai narkoba.
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Coreceptors CCR5 and CXCR4 Expression Profile in Injecting Drug Users Living with HIV
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered as global health problem, includingin Indonesia. A large proportion of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLHAs) are Injecting Drug Users (IDUs) who play an important role in HIV transmission. Opioid that is used by many IDUs influence the expression of CCR5 and CXCR4, which are the co-receptors used by HIV to infect CD4 T lymphocyte cells. This study aimed to compare the expression of HV CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors between IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs. This was a crossectional analytical observation performed in the period of September 2011−May 2013 on IDU PLHAs who were sampled consecutively in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung and community in West Java. Flowcytometry was used for analyzing CCR5 and CXCR4 co-receptors as well as the CD4 T lymphocyte count. Eighty subjects were included in the study, consisting of 17 active injecting drug users, 16 IDUs on methadone therapy, 15 former IDUs, and 32 non-drug user PLHAs. The percentage of CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface was significantly higher in non-drug user PLHAs when compared to IDU PLHAs (86,13; 78,23; p 0,001). No significant difference was found in the expression of CCR5 and MFI CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface between IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs (p>0,05). It is concluded that the expression of CXCR4 on CD4 T lymphocyte surface is higher in IDU PLHAs compared to non-drug user PLHAs. The expression of CXCR4 co-receptors is higher than the expression of CCR5 both in IDU PLHAs and non-drug user PLHAs.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v50n3.1230
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