Manifestasi Klinis Refluks Laringofaring: Studi pada Anak Usia 0–24 Bulan dengan Laringomalasia

Melati Sudiro, R. Ayu Hardianti Saputri, Teti Madiadipoera, M. Thaufiq S. Boesoirie, Budi Setiabudiawan

Abstract


Laringomalasia merupakan kelainan kongenital anomali laring yang banyak ditemukan pada bayi baru lahir dan penyebab tersering stridor serta obstruksi saluran napas. Pemeriksaan laringoskopi serat lentur memperlihatkan terlipat atau terhisapnya struktur supraglotik ke dalam laring selama inspirasi. Obstruksi saluran napas pada laringomalasia akan menyebabkan tekanan negatif intratorakal, menyebabkan asam lambung naik ke jaringan laringofaring dan diduga menimbulkan refluks laringofaring (RLF). Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan pendekatan potong lintang yang bertujuan mengidentifikasi dan menilai hubungan antara laringomalasia dan gambaran refluks laringofaring pada usia 0–24 bulan yang datang ke poliklinik THT-KL RSHS Bandung periode Januari 2012–Maret 2015 berdasar atas data rekam medis dan hasil pemeriksaan laringoskopi serat lentur.  Seratus tujuh pasien laringomalasia dengan keluhan stridor mengikuti penelitian ini, 69 laki-laki (64,5%) dan 38 perempuan (35,5%) dengan usia rata-rata 4,19 bulan. Laringomalasia tipe 1 merupakan tipe terbanyak (57,9%). Gambaran RLF yang berhubungan dengan tingkat berat laringomalasia adalah edema plika ventrikularis dengan OR 3,71 (IK 95%=1,07–12,91; p=0,039) dan edema aritenoid dengan OR 4,74 (IK 95%=1,19–18,89; p=0,027). Edema ventrikular dan aritenoid merupakan gambaran RLF yang berhubungan dengan tingkat berat laringomalasia pada pada anak usia 0–24 bulan. [MKB. 2017;49(2):115–21]

Kata kunci: Edema aritenoid, edema plika ventrikularis, laringomalasia, refluks laringofaring


Laryngopharyngeal Reflux Manifestation: a Case Study of Laryngomalacia in Children Aged 0–24 Months

Laryngomalacia is the most common laryngeal anomaly of the newborn and the main cause of stridor and airway obstruction in infants. From a flexible laryngoscopy examination, this anomaly is observed as curled or collapsed supraglottic structures into larynx during inspiration. Airway obstruction in laryngomalacia creates a negative intra-thoracal pressure that causes acid reflux to laryngopharynx tissue and is suspected to cause laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR). A cross-sectional study was conducted with the objectives of identifying and assessing the relationship between laryngomalacia and LPR in patients aged 0–24 months who visited the Ear, Nose, Throat, Head, and Neck Clinic of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung in the period of January 2012–March 2015, which was based on medical records and results of flexible laryngoscopy. A hundred and seven patients diagnosed with laryngomalacia  who experienced stridor symptoms in this study consisted of 69 males (64.5%) and 38  females (35.5%) with mean age of 4.19 months. Type-1 laryngomalacia represents the most cases (57.9%). Indication of LPR sign correlated with type of laryngomalacia is ventricular edema OR 3.71 (CI 95%=1.07–12.91; p=0.039) and arytenoid edema OR 4,74 (CI 95%=1.19-18.89; p=0.027). Ventricular and arytenoid edemas are signs of LPR that correlate with laryngomalacia level in patients  aged 0–24 months. [MKB. 2017;49(2):115–21]

Key words: Arytenoid edema, laringomalacia, laringopharyngeal reflux, ventricular edema 


Keywords


Edema aritenoid, edema plika ventrikularis, laringomalasia, refluks laringofaring

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v49n2.1057

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