Gambaran Tata Cara dan Angka Keberhasilan Penyapihan Ventilasi Mekanik di Ruang Perawatan Intensif Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung

Abstract

Penyapihan ventilasi mekanik adalah suatu proses pelepasan bantuan ventilator yang dilakukan secara bertahap atau langsung oleh seorang dokter Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui gambaran tata cara dan angka keberhasilan penyapihan ventilasi mekanik yang dilakukan di ICU Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif observasional prospektif dan merupakan studi cross sectional. Penelitian ini melibatkan 50 pasien yang dirawat di ICU RSHS Bandung pada bulan Juli–September 2015. Data dicatat dan dikelompokkan sesuai dengan variabel karakteristik tata cara dan angka keberhasilan penyapihan ventilasi mekanik. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tata cara penyapihan ventilasi mekanik yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah once daily trial of T piece sebanyak 22 pasien (44%) kemudian continous positive airway pressure (CPAP) sebanyak 40%, intermittent trial of T-piece sebanyak 10%, dan pressure support ventilation (PSV) 6%. Angka keberhasilan penyapihan ventilasi mekanik sebanyak 44 orang (88%) dan angka kegagalan penyapihan ventilasi mekanik adalah sebanyak 6 orang (12%) sehingga harus dilakukan re-intubasi. Tata cara penyapihan ventilasi mekanik yang paling banyak digunakan di ICU RSHS Bandung adalah once daily trial of T piece dan angka keberhasilan penyapihan ventilasi mekanik sebesar 88%.

Kata kunci: Angka keberhasilan, tata cara penyapihan, ventilasi mekanik

Procedures and Success Rate of Mechanical Ventilation Weaning in Intensive Care Unit of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung

Abstract

Mechanical ventilation weaning is a process of withdrawing ventilator assistance gradually or immediately by Intensive Care Unit (ICU) physicians. This study aimed to describe the procedure and the success rate of mechanical ventilation weaning performed at the ICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) Bandung. This was a cross-sectional descriptive prospective observational and study involving 50 patients treated at the ICU of RSHS Bandung during the period of July to September 2015. Data were recorded and classified in accordance with the variable characteristics of the procedure and the success rate of mechanical ventilation weaning. The results indicated that the most widely used mechanical ventilation weaning procedures were T-piece once daily trial in 22 patients (44%), continous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in 40%, T-piece intermittent trial in 10%, and pressure support ventilation (PSV)in 6%. Mechanical ventilation weaning success rate was 88% and the failure rate was 12% (6 patients) which required re-intubation. The most widely used procedure for mechanical ventilation weaning at the ICU of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung is T-piece once daily trial and the mechanical ventilation weaning success rate is 88%.

Key words: Mechanical ventilation, success rate, weaning procedure