Efektivitas Magnesium Sulfat 30 mg/kgBB Intravena Dibanding dengan Fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB Intravena dalam Menekan Respons Kardiovaskular pada Tindakan Laringoskopi dan Intubasi
- Yehezkiel, Made Wiryana, Ida Bagus Gde Sujana, I Gusti Putu Sukrana Sidemen
Abstract
Laringoskopi dan intubasi merupakan tindakan rutin yang berisiko menyebabkan respons kardiovaskular berupa peningkatan tekanan darah dan laju denyut jantung terutama pada pasien risiko tinggi seperti kelainan jantung. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas MgSO4 30 mg/kgBB intravena dibanding dengan fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB intravena dalam menekan respons kardiovaskular pada tindakan laringoskopi dan intubasi sehingga dapat menjadi obat altenatif. Penelitian ini dilakukan secara uji klinis acak terkontrol tersamar ganda terhadap 42 pasien dengan status fisik American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) I–II yang dilakukan operasi dengan anestesi umum intubasi trakea di RSUP Sanglah Denpasar Bali pada Agustus–September 2014. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, MgSO4 30 mg/kgBB (n=21) dan fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB (n=21) secara acak. Perubahan tekanan darah dan laju denyut jantung yang terjadi sebelum dan setelah tindakan dicatat sebagai data penelitian. Data penelitian dianalisis dengan uji repeated ANOVA, dengan p<0,05 dianggap bermakna. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kedua kelompok perlakuan. Simpulan, pemberian MgSO4 30 mg/kgBB sama efektif dengan fentanil 2 mcg/kgBB dalam menekan respons kardiovaskular pada tindakan laringoskopi dan intubasi.
Kata kunci: Fentanil, intubasi, laringoskopi, magnesium sulfat, respons kardiovaskular
Comparison of Intravena Magnesium Sulfate 30 mg/kgBW and Intravena Fentanil 2 mcg/kgBW Effectiveness for Attenuating Cardiovascular Response in Laryngoscopy and Tracheal Intubation
Laryngoscopy and intubation are routine actions which cause the risk of cardiovascular responses, including increased blood pressure and heart rate, especially in high-risk patients such as patients with heart disorders. The aim of this study was to determine the effectiveness of intravenous MgSO4 30 mg/kgBW compared to that of intravenous fentanyl 2 mcg/kgBW in reducing cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation to assess its possibility as an alternative drug. This study was a clinical trial with randomized double-blind controlled to 42 patients with physical status of the American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) I–II who underwent tracheal intubation under general anesthesia in Sanglah Denpasar Hospital Bali in the period of August–September 2014. Subjects were divided into two groups, MgSO4 30 mg/kgBW (n=21) and fentanyl 2 mcg/kgBW (n=21) groups. Changes in blood pressure and heart rate that occured before and after the action were recorded as research data. Data were analyzed with repeated ANOVA test, with p<0.05 considered significant. Statistical analysis showed that there was no significant difference between the two treatment groups. it is concluded that the administration of MgSO4 30 mg/kgBW is as effective as fentanyl 2 mcg/kgBW in reducing cardiovascular responses to laryngoscopy and intubation.
