Perbandingan Capaian Kedalaman Anestesi dengan Konduksi Ketamin dan Fentanil pada Anestesi Umum di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh

Burhanuddin Burhanuddin, Zafrullah Khany Jasa, Zafrullah Khany Jasa, Rahmi Rahmi, Rahmi Rahmi

Abstract


Kedalaman anestesi yang memadai untuk mencegah komplikasi intraoperatif, termasuk intraoperative awareness. Ketamin dan merupakan obat koinduksi yang umum digunakan, namun keduanya memiliki profil hemodinamik dan efek terhadap kedalaman anestesi yang berbeda. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan efek koinduksi ketamin dan fentanil terhadap kedalaman anestesi dan stabilitas hemodinamik menggunakan bispectral index score (BIS). Penelitian merupakan uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal terhadap 44 pasien yang menjalani anestesi umum di RSUD dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh periode April–Mei 2025. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu ketamin 0,5kg/BB (n=22) dan fentanil 2 μg/kgBB (n=22). Parameter BIS, tekanan darah diastol, sistol laju jantung, laju napas dan SpO2 diukur pada menit ke-0, 5, 10, 15, dan 20 pascainduksi. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa ketamin menurunkan BIS lebih cepat dan lebih dalam, dengan perbedaan bermakna signifikan pada menit ke-5 (p=0,002), 15 dan 20 (p<0,001). Ketamin juga mempertahankan tekanan darah lebih stabil, sedangkan fentanil meningkatkan laju jantung lebih tinggi pada menit ke-10 (p=0,032). Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna pada laju napas dan SpO2.  Ketamin lebih unggul dalam mencapai kedalaman anestesi yang cepat dan stabil secara hemodinamik, dibanding dengan fentanil.

Keywords


Bispectral index score; fentanil; hemodinamik; kedalaman anestesi; ketamin

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v13n2.4457

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