Perbandingan Penggunaan Masker Anestesi Berpewangi dengan Masker Anestesi Tidak Berpewangi terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak pada Induksi Inhalasi

Deni Nugraha, Dewi Yulianti Bisri, Radian Ahmad Halimi

Abstract


Induksi inhalasi dapat memberikan pengalaman emosi yang traumatis terhadap anak seperti perasaan terkekang atau tercekik selama bernapas melalui masker dan bau yang tajam dari gas anestesi. Salah satu pendekatan nonfarmakologis yang dapat dilakukan adalah menggunakan masker beraroma buah-buahan sebelum induksi. Modifikasi sederhana dengan mengoleskan lip balm dengan wangi buah pada permukaan dalam masker anestesi merupakan salah satu pendekatan yang efektif dan murah. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui perbandingan pengaruh penggunaan masker anestesi berpewangi dibanding dengan masker anestesi tidak berpewangi terhadap tingkat kecemasan anak pada induksi inhalasi. Penelitian dilakukan menggunakan metode uji klinis acak terkontrol buta tunggal secara prospektif terhadap 38 anak berusia 4–12 tahun yang menjalani anestesi umum dengan status fisik american society of anesthesiologist (ASA) I–II di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Subjek dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok yang mendapat masker berpewangi dan kelompok yang mendapat masker tidak berpewangi. Tingkat kecemasan anak di ruang persiapan dan kamar operasi dinilai menggunakan skala modified yale preoperative anxiety scale (MYPAS). Skala MYPAS adalah baku emas untuk evaluasi kecemasan anak yang terdiri atas 22 penilaian dalam 5 kategori dengan realibilitas dan validitas tinggi. Analisis statistik dengan Uji Mann-Whitney. Tingkat kecemasan anak pada kelompok masker berpewangi secara bermakna lebih rendah dibanding dengan kelompok masker tidak berpewangi (p=0,000), namun penilaian di ruang persiapan tidak menunjukkan hasil yang bermakna (p=0,07). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah penggunaan masker anestesi berpewangi pada induksi inhalasi menghasilkan tingkat kecemasan anak yang lebih rendah dibanding dengan penggunaan masker anestesi tidak berpewangi.


Comparison of between the Use of Scented Anesthetic Mask and Unscented Anesthetic Mask on Anxiety Level in Children during Inhalation Induction

Inhalation induction may be a traumatic emotional experience in children as they may feel restricted or suffocated while breathing through the mask and inhaling the sharp smell of the anesthetic gas. A non-pharmacological approach that may be applied include the use of fruit scented masks before induction. This simple modification is done by smearing fruit scented lip balm on the anesthetic mask surface, which is an effective and inexpensive approach. This study aimed to compare the effects of scented anesthetic masks and non-scented masks on child anxiety level during inhalation induction. This was a single blind prospective randomized controlled trial on 38 children aged 4–12 years old underwent general anesthesia with a physical American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) status I–II in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. Subjects were divided into two groups: scented mask group and unscented mask group. The anxiety levels in the preparation room and the operating room were measured using the Modified Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale (MYPAS). MYPAS is the gold standard for evaluating anxiety in children, made up of 22 ratings in 5 categories with high reliability and validity. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. The anxiety level in the scented mask group were found to be significantly lower when compared to the unscented group (p=0.000) but the evaluation in the preparation room did not show statistically significant results (p=0.07). This study concludes that the use of scented anesthetic masks in inhaled induction results in lower anxiety levels in children.


Keywords


Anestesi pediatrik, induksi anestesi, induksi inhalasi, masker anestesi, masker berpewangi

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v9n1.2387

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