Intervention in Undergoing Surgery with Undiagnosed Wolff-Parkinson-White Syndrome: Case Report
Abstract
Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome is a commonly undiagnosed cardiac rhythm anomaly in a previously healthy patient who may precipitate malignant arrhythmia under surgical stress. We report successful management of a reconstruction surgery patient who developed cardiac arrest under general anesthesia due to undiagnosed WPW syndrome and a malignant arrhythmia during subsequent emergency surgery. A male patient with no previous history of the co-existing disease, age 23 years old underwent 14 hours of leg reconstruction with a posterior back flap. At the end of the surgery, the patient developed malignant arrhythmia that worsens to pulseless ventricular tachycardia. High-quality resuscitation was conducted and resulted in the return of spontaneous circulation. The patient had to undergo emergency surgery the next day, and another episode of intraoperative malignant arrhythmia was treated with propafenone and diltiazem. The patient underwent ablation postoperatively and, on the 14th day, was discharged without any residual complications. In conclusion, WPW may appear asymptomatic in a healthy young patient. Good anesthesia management and monitoring, knowledge of selective antiarrhythmic drugs and high-quality resuscitation skills can provide an optimal outcome in an unpredicted intraoperative crisis.
Laporan Kasus: Manajemen Pasien Sindrom Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) yang Menjalani Tindakan Pembedahan
Sindrom Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) adalah kelainan irama jantung yang sering tidak terdiagnosis pada pasien usia muda dan sering tanpa gejala. Stres akibat pembedahan dapat memicu aritmia maligna pada kelainan ini. Kami melaporkan keberhasilan manajemen pada pasien bedah plastik rekonstruksi dalam anestesi umum yang mengalami henti jantung karena sindrom WPW yang tidak terdiagnosis sebelumnya dan terjadi aritmia maligna serupa pada operasi darurat berikutnya. Seorang laki-laki berusia 23 tahun tanpa riwayat penyakit penyerta sebelumnya, menjalani rekonstruksi kaki dengan flap posterior selama 14 jam. Pada akhir pembedahan, pasien mengalami aritimia maligna dan berkembang menjadi ventricular takikardia tanpa nadi. Tindakan resusitasi jantung paru berkualitas tinggi dilakukan dan sirkulasi spontan kembali muncul. Pasien harus menjalani operasi darurat keesokan harinya dan mengalami episode aritmia maligna ulangan intraoperatif yang telah berhasil diidentifikasi pada pemeriksaan pascaoperasi pertama sebagai sindrom Wolff-Parkinson-White. Aritmia maligna tersebut diatasi dengan pemberian propafenon dan diltiazem. Pasien menjalani tindakan ablasi pascaoperasi dan pulang pada hari keempat belas perawatan tanpa gejala sisa. Simpulan, sindrom WPW mungkin tampak asimtomatik pada pasien muda yang sehat. Manajemen anestesi yang baik, pengetahuan mengenai profil berbagai obat antiaritmia serta pelaksanaan tindakan resusitasi berkualitas tinggi dapat memberikan hasil keluaran yang optimal bila terjadi krisis intraoperatif yang tidak diperkirakan sebelumnya.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v8n3.2193
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