Penggunaan Teknik Obat dan Permasalahan Blokade Epidural  di Wilayah Jawa Barat pada Tahun 2015

Muhammad Ibnu; Dedi Fitri Yadi; Ezra Oktaliansah

doi:10.15851/jap.v5n3.1171

Penggunaan Teknik Obat dan Permasalahan Blokade Epidural di Wilayah Jawa Barat pada Tahun 2015

Muhammad Ibnu, Dedi Fitri Yadi, Ezra Oktaliansah

Abstract

Blokade epidural merupakan salah satu jenis anestesi regional yang memiliki rentang implikasi lebih luas dibanding dengan blokade spinal. Perbedaan teknik maupun rejimen obat untuk blokade epidural meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya ketertarikan di bidang anestesi regional dikarenakan teknik anestesi regional memberikan efek analgesi yang efektif tanpa memengaruhi kesadaran pasien dan meningkatkan kenyamanan pasien. Tujuan penelitian ini mencari data mengenai penggunaan, teknik, rejimen obat, dan permasalahan yang dialami oleh dokter anestesi di Jawa Barat dalam melakukan blokade epidural. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Agustus hingga September 2016 di Departemen Anestesiologi dan Terapi Intensif Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif dengan pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner dan pendekatan cross sectional. Kuesioner dikirimkan kepada 120 dokter spesialis anestesi di Jawa Barat melalui jasa pos dan 30 kuesioner diberikan langsung kepada dokter spesialis anestesi yang bekerja di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Angka respons yang didapatkan sebesar 47,3%. Hasil penelitian ini didapatkan dokter spesialis anestesi yang masih melakukan blokade epidural pada tahun 2015 sebesar 73,2%, teknik penusukan yang paling banyak dilakukan adalah pendekatan midline sebesar 73%, dan identifikasi rongga epidural paling banyak dengan pendekatan lost of resistance sebesar 80,7%. Obat anestesi lokal yang paling banyak digunakan untuk blokade epidural adalah bupivakain sebesar 95,9%. Adjuvan yang paling banyak digunakan adalah fentanil sebesar 92,3%. Permasalahan yang berkaitan dalam pelaksanaan tindakan blokade epidural pada tahun 2015 paling banyak adalah permasalahan staf di ruangan dalam membantu menangani pasien dengan epidural, yaitu sebesar 38,03%.

Epidural Blockade Administration Technique and Issues in West Java in 2015

Epidural blockade is one of the regional anesthesia techniques with wider implication than the spinal blockade. The techniques and drug regimens used in epidural blockade vary with the increasing interest on regional anesthesia due to its effective analgesic effect without decreasing consciousness and by increasing patients’ comfort. The purpose of this study was to explore the use, techniques, drug regimens, issues experienced by anesthesiologists in West Java in performing epidural blockade. This study was conducted from August to September 2016 at the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Therapy, Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. This was a cross-sectional descriptive study using a questionnaire. Questionnaires were mailed to 120 anesthesiologists in West Java area and 30 additional questionnaires were distributed directly to anesthesiologists working at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung. The response was 47.3%. This study showed that 73.2% anesthesiologists performed epidural blockade in 2015, with 73% used the midline approach and 80.7% used the loss of resistance method to identify the epidural space. The majority used bupivacaine (95.5%) as the local anesthetics. The most frequently used adjuvant was fentanyl (95.9%). The most frequently mentioned problem associated with epidural blockade in 2015 was the lack of staff’s ability to assist the anesthesiologist in performing epidural blockade (38.03%).

Keywords

Blokade epidural; rejimen obat; teknik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v5n3.1171