Drug Allergy Clinical Characteristics in Pediatrics

R. Devina Fathia Almira, Gartika Sapartini, Vycke Yunivita Kusumah Dewi

Abstract


Background: A drug allergy causes a morbidity and a mortality due to its various range of clinical manifestation. Unfortunately, a study  focusing in pediatric drug allergy is insufficient, especially in Bandung. Thus, this study is conducted to determine the clinical characteristic of pediatric drug allergy in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.

Methods: This study was a retrospective descriptive study using medical records of pediatric drug allergy patients between 2010–2015 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung taken with total sampling method. The variables were patient age, gender, causative drug, and clinical manifestation. Clinical manifestation was then divided into exanthem, urticaria, erythema multiforme, Steven-Johnson’s syndrome/toxic epidemiolytic necrosis (SJS/TEN), and fixed drug eruption (FDE).

Results: Out of 101 patients, only 71 were included in the study due to incomplete medical records of the rest. There were 34 (47.89%) males and 37 (52.11%) females. Patients’ age ranged from 1–18 years old with the mean of 7.4 years old. The most common clinical manifestation was SJS/TEN with 25 (35.21%) patients, followed by exanthem with 22 (30.98%) patients. The most common suspected causative drug was non-steriodal anti inflammatory drugs (NSAID) (24%), followed with penicillin (21%).

Conclusions: Most common manifestation of pediatric drug allergy in female is SJS/TEN, meanwhile in male is exanthema. Steven-Johnson’s syndrome/toxic epidemiolytic necrosis mostly occurs at the age group of 12–18 years old, and exanthema at the age group of 0–3 years old. This condition is mostly caused by NSAID and penicillin.


DOI: 10.15850/amj.v4n2.1097


Keywords


Clinical manifestation, drug allergy, pediatric

Full Text:

PDF

References


Thong B, Tan T. Epidemiology and risk factors for drug allergy. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2011;71(5):684–700.

Khan D, Solensky R. Drug allergy. J Allergy and Clin Immunol. 2010;125(2):126–37.

Heinzerling L, Tomsitz D, Anliker M. Is drug allergy less prevalent than previously assumed? A 5-year analysis. Br J Dermatol. 2011;166(1):107–14

Barlianto W. Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi derajat keparahan erupsi obat pada anak. Jurnal Kedokteran Brawijaya. 2013;26(1):148–53.

Demoly P, Adkinson N, Brockow K, Castells M, Chiriac A, Greenberger P et al. International Consensus on drug allergy. J Allergy. 2014;69(4):420–37.

Gruchalla R, Pirmohamed M. Antibiotic Allergy. N Engl J Med. 2006;354(6):601–9.

Susilawati A, Akib AAP, Satari HI. Gambaran klinis fixed drug eruption pada anak di Rumah Sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo. Sari Pediatri. 2014;15(5):269–73

Warrington R, Silviu-Dan F. Drug allergy. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2011;7(Suppl 1):10–3.

Raksha M, Marfatia Y. Clinical study of cutaneous drug eruptions in 200 patients. Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol. 2008;74(1):80–2.

Noguera-morel L, Hernandez-martin A. Cutaneous drug reactions in the pediatrics population. Pediatr Clin NA. 2014;61(2):403–26.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15850/amj.v4n2.1097

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 574 times
PDF - 301 times


 This Journal indexed by

                  

          

 

Creative Commons License
AMJ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

 


View My Stats