Pengaruh Latihan Fisik Teratur terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan Hubungannya dengan Kadar Testosteron Total pada Tikus Model Diabetes

Abstract

Kondisi hiperglikemia kronik pada diabetes melitus dapat mengganggu fungsi reproduksi, salah satunya adalah penurunan kadar testosteron total. Latihan fisik teratur merupakan salah satu pendekatan nonfarmakologi untuk menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan memperbaiki kadar testosteron total pada diabetes melitus. Penelitian bertujuan untuk menentukan pengaruh latihan fisik teratur terhadap kadar glukosa darah puasa (GDP) dan hubungannya dengan kadar testosteron total pada tikus diabetes melitus. Penelitian eksperimental murni rancangan pre-postest with control group design dilakukan di Laboratorium Fisiologi, Fakultas Kedokteran dan Laboratorium Riset, Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, periode Juni–Oktober 2013. Lima belas tikus putih jantan Sprague-Dawley dibagi tiga kelompok: (I) kontrol, (II) kelompok diabetes melitus, dan (III) kelompok diabetes melitus yang diberi latihan fisik. Latihan fisik dilakukan pada intensitas ringan-sedang selama 9 minggu sesuai protokol Souza. Kadar GDP diukur setiap 3 minggu selama latihan fisik dan perubahannya dibandingkan antarkelompok. Kadar testosteron total diukur setelah 9 minggu menjalani latihan fisik. Kadar testosteron total rata-rata tikus diabetes melitus yang diberi latihan fisik berbeda dibanding dengan tanpa latihan fisik (p=0,032). Terdapat korelasi negatif antara perubahan kadar GDP dan kadar testosteron total (p=0,007; korelasi Pearson - 0,661). Simpulan, latihan fisik teratur dengan intensitas ringan-sedang dapat menurunkan kadar glukosa darah dan memperbaiki kadar testosteron total pada tikus diabetes. [MKB. 2015;47(1):16–21]

Kata kunci: Hiperglikemia, kadar testosteron total, latihan fisik teratur


Effects of Regular Physical Exercise on Blood Glucose Levels and Its Relationship to Total Testosterone Levels in Diabetic Rats


A state of chronic hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus may cause dysfunction of the reproductive system; one of these is the decrease in total testosterone level. A regular physical exercise is one of the non-pharmacological approaches to reduce blood glucose level and improve total testosterone level in diabetes mellitus. The study was aimed to determine the effects of regular physical exercise on fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels and its relationship to total testosterone levels in diabetic rats. Pre-postest experimental study with control group design, was conducted during June–October 2013 at Physiology Laboratory of Medical Faculty and Research Laboratory of Veterinary Medicine, Syiah Kuala University, Banda Aceh. Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups: (I) control, (II) sedentary diabetic, and (III) exercise diabetic. The physical exercise was performed at low-moderate intensity for nine weeks according to Souza’s protocol. The levels of blood glucose were measured every three weeks during the regular physical exercise; the changes of blood glucose level were compared between groups, whereas the levels of total testosterone were measured after nine weeks of regular physical exercise. The mean of total testosterone level was different (p=0.032) between the group with physical exercise and without physical exercise. There was a negative correlation between changes in FBG levels and total testosterone levels (p=0.007, Pearson correlation -0.661). In conclusion, regular physical exercise with low-moderate intensity reduces blood glucose levels and improves total testosterone levels in diabetic rats. [MKB. 2015;47(1):16–21]


Key words: Hyperglycemia, regular physical exercise, total testosterone level