Tummy Time and Development of 6- to 12-Month-Old Infants
Marvella Graceria Titah, Edward Surjono, Johanes A. C. Prabowo, Andy Setiawan, Rita Dewi
Abstract
Early childhood development, particularly within the first 1,000 days of life, is a critical period. Globally, 5–16% of children experience developmental delays. This figure is higher in Indonesia with approximately 13–18% of children under five are facing growth and developmental issues. Adequate stimulation, including activities like tummy time, plays a vital role in a child's growth and development. This study aimed to investigate the correlation between tummy time and the developmental outcomes of infants aged 6–12 months. An analytical descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach was employed in this study that was conducted at Public Health Centers in North Sulawesi Province, Indonesia. Data collection involved questionnaires assessing the onset, frequency, and duration of tummy time, alongside the use of the Child Development Pre-Screening Questionnaire. With a minimum sample size of 96 respondents, data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation. Findings indicated that performing tummy time more than 1–2 times per week, with each session lasting 6–20 minutes, was significantly associated with better developmental outcomes. However, no significant relationship was observed between early initiation of tummy time or the number of daily sessions with infant development. The study concluded that engaging in tummy time more than 1-2 times per week for 6-20 minutes per session can promote optimal infant development.
Keywords
Infant development, sensory stimulation, tummy time
Widyahening IS, Aufa MA, Alhas MF, Widodo AB, Friska D. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of mothers on the first 1000 Days of Life. eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia. 2021;9(2):129. doi:10.23886/ejki.9.65.129
Schwarzenberg SJ, Georgieff MK, Daniels S, Corkins M, Golden NH, Kim JH, et al. Advocacy for improving nutrition in the first 1000 days to support childhood development and Adult Health. Pediatrics. 2018;141(2):2–6. doi:10.1542/peds.2017-3716
Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia. National Health and Morbidity Survey 2016 (NHMS 2016): Maternal and Child Health. Vol. II: Maternal and child health findings. Selangor, Malaysia: Institute for Public Health, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health; 2016.
Gunardi H, Nugraheni RP, Yulman AR, Soedjatmiko, Sekartini R, Medise BE, et al. Growth and developmental delay risk factors among under-five children in an inner-City Slum Area. Paediatrica Indonesiana. 2019;59(5):276–83.
Hewitt L, Kerr E, Stanley RM, Okely AD. Tummy time and infant health outcomes: a systematic review. Pediatrics. 2020;145(6):13–25. doi:10.1542/peds.2019-2168
Koren A, Kahn-D’angelo L, Reece SM, Gore R. Examining childhood obesity from infancy: The relationship between tummy time, infant BMI-Z, weight gain, and motor development—an exploratory study. J Pediatr Health Care. 2019;33(1):80–91. doi:10.1016/j.pedhc.2018.06.006
Sabang R, Yuliati L. Tummy time to improve psychomotor development Babies 6-9 months. 2023;11(2):317–20. doi:10.35335/midwifery.v11i2.1274
Silva BF, Sampaio SS, Moura JR, de Medeiros CE, de Lima-Alvarez CD, Simão CR, et al. “I am afraid of positioning my baby in prone”: Beliefs and knowledge about Tummy time practice. Int J Pediatr. 2023;2023:1–7. doi:10.1155/2023/4153523
Wentz EE. Importance of initiating a “Tummy time” intervention early in infants with down syndrome. Pediatric Physical Therapy. 2017;29(1):68–75. doi:10.1097/pep.0000000000000335
Direktorat Kesehatan Keluarga, Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pedoman pelaksanaan stimulasi, deteksi dan intervensi dini tumbuh kembang anak. Jakarta: Bakti Husada; 2016.
