HUBUNGAN JUMLAH DARAH TRANSFUSI, PEMBERIAN DEFEROKSAMIN, DAN STATUS GIZI DENGAN KADAR SENG PLASMA PADA PENDERITA THALASSEMIA MAYOR ANAK

Abstract

Seng banyak berperan dalam berbagai aktivitas biologik penting. Beberapa penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan kadar seng plasma yang rendah pada penderita thalassemia mayor anak. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan jumlah darah transfusi, pemberian deferoksamin, dan status gizi dengan kadar seng plasma penderita thalassemia mayor anak. Penelitian ini menggunakan rancangan cross-sectional dengan subjek penelitian penderita thalassemia mayor berusia kurang dari 14 tahun yang berobat jalan di Poliklinik Thalassemia Anak RS Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama bulan Mei-Juni 2008. Dilakukan penghitungan jumlah darah transfusi, pemberian deferoksamin dibedakan antara optimal-tidak optimal, status gizi dibedakan menjadi gizi baik-gizi kurang. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan uji korelasi Pearson dan uji Chi square, dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Didapatkan 57 subjek terdiri dari 29 anak laki-laki dan 28 anak perempuan berusia antara 2 tahun 1 bulan dan 13 tahun 9 bulan. Kadar seng plasma berkisar antara 42 dan 91 g/dL (68,65;11,68) dan jumlah darah transfusi berkisar antara 1.680 dan 45.700 mL (17.913,25;10.404,18). Uji korelasi Pearson menunjukkan hubungan antara jumlah darah transfusi dan kadar seng plasma dinyatakan dengan r=-0,189; p=0,0795. Uji Chi square tentang hubungan pemberian deferoksamin dan status gizi dengan kadar seng plasma dinyatakan dengan x2=0,073; p=0,786 dan x2=0,468; p=0,494. Kesimpulan: Jumlah darah transfusi, pemberian deferoksamin, dan status gizi tidak memiliki hubungan dengan kadar seng plasma pada penderita thalassemia mayor anak.

Kata kunci: Thalassemia mayor, darah tranfusi, deferoksamin, status gizi, seng plasma

CORRELATION THE AMOUNT OF BLOOD TRANSFUSION, DEFEROXAMINE USAGE, AND NUTRITIONAL STATUS WITH PLASMA ZINC LEVEL IN PEDIATRIC MAJOR THALASSEMIA

Roles of zinc have been known in many important biologic activities. Previous studies found that there were low plasma zinc level in children with major thalassemia. The aim of this study was to determinate correlation the amount of blood transfusion, deferoxamine usage and nutrition status with plasma zinc level in pediatric major thalassemia. The cross-sectional study was conducted from Mei to June 2008 at Clinic of Pediatric Thalassemia Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung with subjects below 14 years. The amount of blood transfusion was calculated, deferoxamine usage was divided into optimal and non-optimal, nutritional status was classified into well-nourished and undernourished. Statistical analysis were performed with Pearson correlation test and Chi square test, with 95% confidence interval. The amount of 57 subjects consisted of 29 boys and 28 girls, ages ranged from 2 years 1 month to 13 years 9 months. The plasma zinc levels ranged from 42 to 91 g/dL (68.65; 11.68) and the amount of blood transfusion ranged from 1,680 to 45,700 mL (17,913.25; 10,404.18). The Pearson correlation test which showed the correlation between plasma zinc level and the amount of blood transfusion was stated by r=-0.189; p=0.0795. Chi-square test showed the impact of deferoxamine usage and nutritional status on plasma zinc level were x2=0.073; p=0.786 and x2=0.468; p=0.494. We conclude that the amount of blood transfusion, deferoxamine usage, and nutritional status are not correlated with plasma zinc level in children with major thalassemia.

Key words: Major thalassemia, blood tranfusion, deferoxamine, nutritional status, plasma zinc

DOI:  http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v41n2.261