HUBUNGAN FAKTOR PENGGERAKAN PEMBERANTASAN SARANG NYAMUK DEMAM BERDARAH DENGUE DENGAN ANGKA BEBAS JENTIK DI KECAMATAN SUMBERJAYA KABUPATEN MAJALENGKA, JAWA BARAT
Abstract
Sejak tahun lima puluhan, demam berdarah dengue telah menjadi masalah kesehatan di Asia Tenggara dan masuk ke Indonesia sejak tahun 1968. Di Kecamatan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Majalengka, dalam lima tahun terakhir telah terjadi 68 kasus DBD dengan korban jiwa sejumlah 6 orang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor penggerakan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk demam berdarah dengue (PSN-DBD) dengan angka bebas jentik (ABJ) di Kecamatan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Majalengka. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analisis kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional. Populasi penelitian adalah seluruh RT di wilayah Kecamatan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Majalengka, sedangkan sampel penelitian angka bebas jentik adalah semua RT di 8 desa yang melaksanakan PSNDBD di Kecamatan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Majalengka. Responden penelitian hasil kegiatan PSN berjumlah 48 Ketua RT. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan kuesioner, dan observasi dilengkapi cheklist pemantauan jentik untuk melihat keberadaan jentik nyamuk penular DBD di rumah penduduk di wilayah tersebut. Data dianalisis secara analisis univariat dan analisis bivariat melalui uji Chi square (X2). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan antara penggerakan pemberantasan sarang nyamukdemam berdarah dengue dan angka bebas jentik di Kecamatan Sumberjaya Kabupaten Majalengka adalah: penyuluhan kelompok tentang demam berdarah dengue, kegiatan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk demam berdarah dengue, sarana pendukung PSN-DBD, serta pemantauan jentik secara berkala. Faktor yang tidak berhubungan adalah: musyawarah masyarakat desa, adanya kader jumantik, adanya dana, bimbingan teknis, dan kunjungan rumah. Kesimpulan: untuk mengupayakan ABJ diperlukan perbaikan dalam penyuluhan tentang demam berdarah dengue, penggalakan kegiatan pemberantasan sarang nyamuk, pemberdayaan penyediaan sarana PSN, serta perbaikan proses hingga pemantauan jentik dapat dilakukan secara berkala
Kata kunci: Demam berdarah dengue, angka bebas jentik
THE ASSOCIATION BETWEEN EFFORT MOBILIZATION TO CONTROL MOSQUITO BREEDING PLACES AND LARVAL INDEX IN SUMBERJAYA SUBDISTRICT OF MAJALENGKA DISTRICT, WEST JAVA
Dengue hemorraghic fever has created quite a problem since 1968 in Indonesia. This disease is also vulnerable for community residing in Subdistrict Sumberjaya, Majalengka District, West Java. In the last five years there were 68 cases with 6 fatal cases. This cross sectional research in Sumberjaya aimed at exploring factors of community participation in vector control associated with larval index. The samples of larval index examination were selected from household neighborhoods (RT) in 8 villages conducted vector control in Sumberjaya. Respondents of vector control activities study were 48 head of RTs. The data were collected through interviews using a questionnaire. Observation was conducted to examine larval index of water containers in the household neighborhood. Univariate and bivariate analyses were conducted to data collected. The study showed factors associated with larval index, i.e. community dengue education, community action in vector control, facility to support vector control, and continously larval monitoring. Factors not associated with larval index were village community consensus, cadre for larval monitoring, availability of funds, provision of guidance from the health authority, and home visit. Conclusions: for control the larval index, i.e. develop the community dengue education, force the community action in vector control, develop the accesibility of vector control supporting facility , and make a good system to assure larval monitoring working continously.
Key words: Dengue hemorraghic fever, larval index
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