EVALUASI PENGARUH LAMANYA PEMBERIAN ASI SAJA TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN ANAK Suatu Studi di Kecamatan Ledo, Kabupaten Bengkayang, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat
Abstract
Air susu ibu (ASI) merupakan makanan yang kaya akan gizi dan sangat penting untuk pertumbuhan anak. Terganggunya pertumbuhan anak diawali dengan kekurangan gizi yang dapat diatasi dengan memberikan ASI saja sejak lahir. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh lamanya pemberian ASI saja pada pertumbuhan anak. Faktor yang dilihat adalah berat badan dan tinggi badan anak. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kohort retrospektif yaitu mencari efek yang muncul pada balita usia antara 12 sampai 36 bulan yang ketika bayinya menggunakan ASI saja di wilayah Kecamatan Ledo. Jumlah subjek yang diteliti sebanyak 101 anak. Sampel diambil dengan teknik cluster berdasarkan kriteria inklusi. Analisis statistik memakai analisis varians, uji Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, dan korelasi regresi. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa lamanya pemberian ASI saja mempengaruhi pertumbuhan anak berdasarkan persen terhadap median Berat Badan (BB)/Usia (U) dan Berat Badan (BB)/Tinggi Badan (TB) (p<0,001); tidak tampak pengaruh lamanya pemberian ASI dengan pertumbuhan anak berdasarkan persen terhadap median TB/U baku rujukan WHO-NCHS (p>0,05). Kesimpulan pada penelitian ini adalah lamanya pemberian ASI saja berpengaruh positif terhadap pertumbuhan yang diukur berdasarkan persen terhadap median BB/U dan BB/TB
baku rujukan WHO-NCHS.
Kata kunci: Lamanya pemberian ASI, pertumbuhan anak, antropometri
EVALUATION THE IMPACT BREASTFEEDING PERIOD OF TIME TO THE CHILD GROWTH: A Study In Ledo Subdistrict, Bengkayang Regency, West Kalimantan Province
Breastfeeding is rich food nutrient and it is very important for the child growth. Neonatal growth disorders, it is initially revealed from the beginning by a lack of nutrient. The lack of nutrient can be minimized by giving breastfeeding since the first living without any additional food. The objective of this study was to know the impact of length duration influenced of breastfeeding to the child growth that was seen from the child's body weight and body height. This study designed as a retrospective cohort looking for an effect of weight and height growth of subject child age between 12 to 36 months used to have only breastfeeding in Ledo. The study carried out to 101 children. The samples collected by cluster technique, the inclusion criteria had been determined. Statistical analysis used, varians, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, and analysis regression.The result of study, it was shown that the duration of breastfeeding affect of child growth significantly different; the percentage of median body weight to age vs body weight to body height referred to WHO-NCHS standard (p<0.001); but there were no any correlation on the percentage of median body height to age referred to WHO-NCHS standard (>0.05). Conclusion: duration of breastfeeding has positive effect to the growth which is measured based on the percentage of median body weight/age and body weight/body height referred to WHO-NCHS standard.
Key words: Duration of breastfeeding, child growth, anthropometry
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