Comparison of Antioxidant and Antiaging Activities Between Dragon Fruit (Hyloceureus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose) Rind Extract and Kaempferol
Abstract
Aging involves progressive physiological changes of the body, including skin dysfunction and death which can be accelerated by the presence of free radicals. Compounds with potential antioxidants and antiaging are contained in various fruits, including dragon fruit (Hyloceureus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose). This study aimed to compare the antioxidant and antiaging activities of dragon fruit rind extract (DFRE) and Kaempferol. The antioxidant and antiaging activities were measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger and inhibitory activity assay of tyrosinase, respectively and was conducted at the Biomolecular and Biomedicine Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, from August to November 2018. Data acquired were then analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Post Hoc Test using Turkey HSD test with a confidence level of 95% (α=0.05). Phytochemical assay was also conducted to determine the content of active ingredients in thedragon fruit rind extract. Phytochemical test result showed that DFRE contained flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, and alkaloids compounds. Both DPPH scavenging and tyrosine inhibition assay indicated that Kaempferol compound also had antioxidant and antiaging activities. The IC50 values of DFRE and Kaempferol antioxidant activities were 164.98 μg/mL and 83.30 μg/mL, respectively, while the IC50 values of tyrosinase inhibition activity of DFRE and Kaemferol were 88.46 μg/mL and 59.34 μg/mL, respectively. DFRE had antioxidant activities and tyrosinase inhibition activities thus can be used as an alternative antiaging and antioxidant agents.
Perbandingan Aktivitas Antioksidan dengan Antitirosinase Ekstrak Etanol Kulit Buah Naga (Hyloceureus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose)
Aging atau penuaan adalah proses kompleks yang ditandai dengan penurunan progresif fungsi fisiologis tubuh, termasuk kulit yang diikuti oleh disfungsi dan kematian kulit. Faktor-faktor yang dapat mempercepat proses penuaan dini di antaranya radikal bebas dan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat. Buah-buahan banyak mengandung senyawa yang berpotensi sebagai antioksidan dan antiaging, salah satu di antaranya adalah buah naga. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui potensi antioksidan dan antiaging ekstrak kulit buah naga (EKBN) yang dibandingkan dengan senyawa kaempferol (SK) sebagai pembanding. Penelitian yang dilakukan meliputi uji fitokimia untuk mengetahui kandungan bahan aktif pada kulit buah naga, uji pemerangkapan DPPH, dan uji penghambatan tirosinase dan dilakukan di Pusat Penelitian Biomolekul dan Biomedis, Aretha Medika Utama, dari Agustus hingga November 2018. Data lalu dianalisis menggunakan analisis varians (ANOVA) satu arah (one way) Hasil penelitian uji fitokimia menunjukkan EKBN mengandung golongan senyawa, flavonoid, tanin, fenol, triterpenoid, dan alkaloid serta tidak mengandung golongan senyawa saponin, steroid, dan terpenoid. Senyawa kaempferol memiliki aktivitas antioksidan melalui pemerangkapan DPPH dan aktivitas antiaging melalui penghambatan tirosinase yang lebih baik dibanding dengan EKBN. Aktivitas antioksidan dilihat dari nilai IC50 EKBN sebesar 164.98 μg/ml dan SK sebesar 83.30 μg/mL. Aktivitas penghambatan tirosinase memiliki nilai IC50 EKBN masing-masing sebesar 88.46 μg/mL dan IC50 SK sebesar 59.34 μg/mL. EKBN memiliki aktivitas antioksidan dan penghambatan tirosinase sehigga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternatif bahan antiaging dan antioksidan.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v51n3.1715
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