Ekstrak Etanol Propolis Menurunkan Kadar IL-17 Serum pada Mencit Balb/C Model Asma Kronik

Abstract

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) menginduksi perekrutan neutrofil ke dalam saluran napas dan berperan dalam patogenesis asma serta penentuan keparahan penyakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menganalisis efek ekstrak etanol propolis (EEP) isolat Gunung Lawu terhadap kadar IL-17 serum pada mencit Balb/C model asma kronik. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental laboratoris dengan sampel 28 ekor mencit Balb/C jantan yang dibagi menjadi empat kelompok: kontrol, asma, asma+EEP, dan asma+antihistamin. Penelitian dilakukan di Laboratorium Histologi dan Biomedik, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, selama periode April-September 2012. Model asma kronik dibuat dengan menginduksi mencit Balb/C jantan menggunakan injeksi intraperitoneal (i.p.) ovalbumin (OVA, 100 μg/mencit) dan aluminium hidroksida (10%, 50 mg/mencit) dalam phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Hewan coba disensitisasi selama 6 minggu dengan inhalasi 2% (b/v) OVA aerosol dalam NaCl 0,9% selama 30 menit/hari setiap 3 hari/minggu, untuk kelompok asma, asma+EEP, dan asma+antihistamin. Mencit kontrol tidak diinokulasi selama penelitian. Deteksi kadar IL-17 serum menggunakan enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Uji kadar IL-17 serum menggunakan analysis of variance (ANOVA) dan untuk menentukan perbedaan kemaknaan digunakan p<0,05. Kadar IL-17 serum kelompok kontrol menunjukkan 17,15±8,25 pg/mL dan antihistamin 38,98±7,57 pg/mL. Ekstrak etanol propolis secara bermakna menurunkan kadar IL-17 serum (75,62±17,64 pg/mL vs 45,59±10,69 pg/mL, p<0,001) dibandingkan dengan kelompok asma. Simpulan, EEP isolat Gunung Lawu menurunkan kadar IL-17 pada hewan coba model asma kronik. [MKB. 2013;45(4):213–7]

Kata kunci: Asma, interleukin-17 (IL-17), propolis

Ethanolic Extract of Propolis Decreases Serum IL-17 Levels in Balb/C Model of Chronic Asthma

Interleukin-17 (IL-17) induces the neutrophil recruitment into the respiratory tract while playing a role in the pathogenesis of asthma and determining the severity of disease. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of ethanol extract of propolis (EEP) Lawu mountain isolates on IL-17 serum levels in Balb/C mice model with chronic asthma. This study was an experimental research laboratory with 28 male Balb/C mice divided into control, asthma, asthma+EEP and asthma+antihistamine groups. The study was conducted at the Histology and Biomedical Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Sebelas Maret University, Surakarta, during April to September 2012. A model of chronic asthma was induced in male Balb/C mice using an intraperitoneally (i.p.) injection ovalbumin (OVA, 100 μg/mice) and aluminum hydroxide (10%, 50 mg/mice) in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). Experimental animals were sensitized for 6 weeks with inhaled 2% (w/v) OVA aerosol in 0.9% NaCl for 30 minutes/day, 3 days in a week, for asthma, asthma with EEP, and asthma with antihistamine mice model groups. Control mice were not inoculated during the study. Detection of IL-17 serum level was conducted by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). One way analysis of variance (ANOVA) for IL-17 serum level and p<0.05 were used to determine significant differences. Serum levels of IL-17 showed 17.15±8.25 pg/mL in control group and 38.98±7.57 pg/mL in antihistamine, respectively. Ethanol extract of propolis showed significant decreased in IL-17 levels (75.62±17.64 pg/mL vs 45.59±10.69 pg/mL, p<0.001) compared to asthma group. In conclusion, EEP Lawu mountain isolates can decrease IL-17 level in chronic asthma animal models. [MKB. 2013;45(4):213–7]

Key words: Asthma, interleukin-17 (IL-17), propolis

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15395/mkb.v45n4.167