Efektivitas Spray Lidokain pada Pipa Endotrakea terhadap Kejadian Nyeri Tenggorok Pascaoperasi yang Dihubungkan dengan Lama Anestesi/Intubasi
Abstract
Postoperative sore throat (POST) merupakan salah satu komplikasi anestesi yang mengurangi kenyamanan pasien dengan angka kejadian yang cukup tinggi. Lidokain merupakan salah satu medika mentosa yang dapat digunakan untuk mencegah POST. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai efektivitas spray lidokain pada endotracheal tube (ETT) yang dihubungkan dengan lama anestesi/intubasi pada periode Desember 2020–Februari 2021 di RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Uji klinis dilakukan terhadap 113 subjek yang terbagi menjadi 3 kelompok, yaitu dengan lama operasi <1 jam (kelompok 1), 1–2 jam (kelompok 2), dan >2 jam (kelompok 3). Penilaian dilakukan pada jam ke-0, 1, 6, dan 24 pascaoperasi. Analisis statistik nonparametrik menggunakan uji Kruskal Wallis dan analisis post-hoc menggunakan uji Mann Whitney. Terdapat perbedaan POST yang signifikan pada perbandingan kelompok 1 dengan 3, serta kelompok 2 dengan 3 (p<0,05). Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan pada perbandingan kelompok 1 dengan 2 (p>0,05). Pemberian lidokain pada ETT untuk mencegah POST efektif pada lama anestesi/intubasi kurang dari 2 jam. Diperlukan modalitas lain untuk mencegah POST pada operasi dengan durasi lebih dari 2 jam.
Effectiveness of Lidocaine Spray for Preventing Postoperative Sore Throat in Several Durations of Anesthesia
Postoperative sore throat (POST) is a common postoperative complaint after general anesthesia, which can cause dissatisfaction and discomfort after surgery. Lidocaine is one of the drugs used to reduce or prevent POST. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of lidocaine in preventing POST at various durations of anesthesia/intubation. The study was conducted from December 2020 to February 2021 at Dr. Hospital. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. This study enrolled 113 subjects who were divided into three groups, namely the group with a duration of anesthesia/intubation of less than 1 hour (group 1), between 1–2 hours (group 2), and the group with a duration of more than 2 hours (group 3). The postoperative sore throat was assessed immediately after the patient was extubated, 1, 6, and 24 hours post-extubation. Nonparametric statistical analysis was performed with the Kruskal Wallis test. The results showed that the severity of POST was statistically different between the groups (p<0.05). Post-hoc analysis using the Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences between groups 1 and 3 and between groups 2 and 3 (p<0.05). The difference was not statistically significant in group 1 compared to group 2 (p>0.05). Administration of a lidocaine spray for preventing POST is effective in an anesthetic duration of fewer than 2 hours. Other modalities may be required for an anesthesia duration of more than 2 hours.
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PDFDOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v10n1.2561
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