Perbandingan Penambahan Neostigmin 2 mg/kgBB dengan Fentanil 1 µg/kgBB dalam Bupivakain 0,125% sebagai Anestesi Kaudal terhadap Lama Analgesia

Jauharul Alam, Ezra Oktaliansah, Cindy Elfira Boom

Abstract


Blokade kaudal dengan injeksi tunggal sering digunakan untuk penatalaksanaan nyeri intra dan pascabedah pada pasien pediatrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji lama analgesi setelah blokade kaudal injeksi tunggal preoperatif antara penambahan neostigmin 2 µg/kgBB dan fentanil 1 µg/kgBB dalam bupivakain 0,125% (volume 0,5 mL/kgBB) pada pasien anak yang menjalani operasi hipospadia dalam anestesi umum di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan Desember 2011–Februari 2012. Metode penelitian adalah penelitian eksperimental secara acak terkontrol buta ganda pada 24 anak berusia 1–7 tahun. Data pengukuran lama analgesi diperoleh dengan Children and Infant Postoperative Pain Scale (CHIPPS) yang dianalisis dengan Uji Mann-Whitney, data laju nadi dan laju napas dianalisis dengan uji-t. Hasil perhitungan statistik diperoleh lama analgesi pada kelompok BN lebih panjang mencapai 675 menit dibandingkan dengan kelompok BF 480 menit dengan hasil yang sangat bermakna (p<0,001). Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan kombinasi bupivakain 0,125% dan neostigmin 2 µg/kgBB untuk blokade kaudal injeksi tunggal memberikan lama analgesia yang lebih panjang.

Kata kunci: Anestesi kaudal, bupivakain, fentanil, lama analgesia, neostigmin


Comparison between Caudal Blockade with Additional 2 µg/kgBW Neostigmine and 1 µg/kgBW Fentanyl to 0.125% Bupivacaine on the Duration of Analgesia

Abstract

Single shot injection caudal blockade were used extensively for intra and post operative pain management in pediatric patients. The purpose of this study was to assess duration of analgesia following a single shot injection of caudal blockade with additional 2 µg/kgBW neostigmine and 1 µg/kgBW fentanyl into 0.125% bupivacaine (volume 0.5 mL/kgBW) in pediatric patients who underwent hypospadias surgery at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung from December 2011 to February 2012. This experimental study was conducted using randomized control trial (RCT) method in 24 pediatric patients, aged 1–7 years. The duration of analgesia data were obtained using Children and Infant Pain Scale (CHIPPS) post operatively and analyzed using Mann-Whitney Test, whereas the heart rate and respiratory rate data were analyzed by t-test. The result of statistical analysis showed significant difference between duration of analgesia in group BN (675 minutes) compared with the BF group (480 minutes) with p<0.001. The conclusion of this study was that combination of 0.125% bupivacaine and 2 µg/kgBW neostigmine as a single shot injection in caudal blockade provides longer duration of analgesia compared to 0.125% bupivacaine and 1 µg/kgBW fentanyl combination.

Key words: Bupivacaine, caudal anesthesia, duration of analgesia, neostigmine

 

DOI: 10.15851/jap.v1n3.191


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