Efek Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) terhadap  Nyeri Penyuntikan Jarum Spinal

Yuanda Rizawan Putra; Doddy Tavianto; Dewi Yulianti Bisri

doi:10.15851/jap.v7n3.1833

Efek Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) terhadap Nyeri Penyuntikan Jarum Spinal

Yuanda Rizawan Putra, Doddy Tavianto, Dewi Yulianti Bisri

Abstract

Eutectic mixtures of local anaesthetics (EMLA) dapat mengurangi nyeri akibat penyuntikan jarum spinal. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui efek EMLA terhadap nyeri saat penyuntikan jarum spinal. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental secara acak terkontrol buta ganda pada pasien yang menjalani operasi elektif dalam anestesi spinal di ruang operasi sentral RSUP Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung dari bulan September hingga Oktober 2019. Data penilaian skor nyeri dilakukan setelah penyuntikan jarum spinal menggunakan Numeric pain rating score yang dianalisis dengan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil perhitungan statistik diperoleh Skor nyeri setelah aplikasi EMLA lebih rendah dibanding dengan skor nyeri (1 vs 4) dengan perbedaan yang sangat bermakna (p<0,001). Simpulan penelitian ini menunjukkan EMLA dapat mengurangi nyeri saat penyuntikan jarum spinal.

Eutectic Mixture of Local Anesthetics (EMLA) Effect on Spinal Neddle Injection Pain

Eutectic mixtures of local anesthetics can reduce pain caused by spinal injections. The purpose of this study was to understand the effect of EMLA on spinal injection pain. This was an experimental randomized single blind study involving all patients who underwent spinal anesthesia from September–October 2019 in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital. Pain score assessment was performed right after spinal injection using the numeric pain rating score. Data were then analyzed with Mann-Whitney test. Results showed that injection pain score in patients using EMLA was lower (1 vs 4) than patients who did not use EMLA (p<0.001). Therefore, EMLA can reduce spinal injection pain.

Keywords

Anestesi spinal, eutectic mixture of local anesthetics, nyeri, numeric pain rating score, nyeri

Full Text:

PDF

References

Massoth C, Weidlich S, Popping DM, Gurlit S, Mollmann M, Wenk M. Effects of local skin anesthesia on pain during lumbar puncture. J Anesthesiol Crit Care. 2017;1(1):1–5.

Kavanagh T, Dube A, Albert A, Gunka V. A randomized controlled trial comparing Ametop® with placebo for reducing pain associated with local anesthetic skin infiltration before neuraxial anesthesia in parturients. Intl J Obst Anesth. 2016;27:41–5.

Firdaus R, Sukmono B, Chrysantia Melati A, Dewin Marzaini B. Comparison between vapocoolant spray and eutectic mixture of local anesthetics cream in reducing pain during spinal injections. Anesthesiol Res Pract. 2018;5050273:1–5.

Kumar S, Gautam S, Gupta D, Agarwal A, Dhirraj S, Khuba S. The effect of Valsalva maneuver in attenuating skin puncture pain during spinal anesthesia: a randomized controlled trial. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2016:69(1):27–31.

Sayiner O, Urfa E, Arisoy S, Comoglu T. Preparation, characterization, and in vitro evaluation of cream & gel formulations containing lidocaine and tetracaine. Ann Rev Res. 2018;3(5):555621.

Saura JL, Tello JR, Martínez AMS, Carvajal SR, Prieto SR, Vila SO, dkk. Clinical trial on the effectiveness of the application of lidocaine and prilocaine cream (EMLA) prior to lumbar puncture versus placebo to reduce pain in adults. Rev Cient Soc Esp Enferm Neurol. 2017;45:17–23.

Matsumoto T, Chaki T, Hirata N, Yamakage M. The eutectic mixture local anesthetics (EMLA) cream is more effective on venipuncture pain compared with lidocaine tape in same patients. JA Clin Reports. 2018;4(73):1–6.

Oluwadun OB, Adekola OO, Dada OI, Olanipekun SO, Adetunji AS, Olatusi JO, dkk. EMLA cream vs 10% lidocaine cream for attenuating venous cannulation pain – a clinical trial. Ann Afr Surg. 2019;16(1):4–10.

Zdybski J, Grodzka ET. Topical anesthesia in cosmetic dermatological procedures. Our Dermatol Online. 2018;9(3):265–8.

Leppert W, Milewska MM, Zajaczkowska R, Wordliczek J. Transdermal and topical drug administration in the treatment of pain. J Molecul. 2018;23(681): doi:10.3390/molecules23030681.

Food and Drug Administration. EMLA® Cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) [diunduh 12 Januari 2019]. Tersedia dari: https:// www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfdadocs/label/2000/19941s11lbl.pdf

Qureshi AI, Saleem MA, Naseem N, Aytac E, Akpinar CK, Wallery SS. Effectiveness of topical lidocaine-prilocaine cream for pain control during femoral artery catheterization in adultpatients: a prospective study. J Vasc Interv Neurol. 2018;10(1):60–4.

Leppert W, Malec–Milewska M, Zajaczkowska R, Wordliczek J. Transdermal and topical drug administration in the treatment of pain. Molecules. 2018;23(3):1–16.

Dalvandi A, Ranjibar H, Hatamizadeh M, Rahgoi A, Bernstein C. Comparing the effectiveness of vapocoolant spray and lidocaine/procaine cream in reducing pain of intravenous cannulation: a randomized clinical trial. Am J Emerg Med. 2017; 35(8):1064–8.

Appukutan D, Vinayagavel M, Tadepalli A. Utility and validity of a single item visual analog scale for measuring dental anxiety in clinical practice. J Oral Sci. 2014;56(2):151–6.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v7n3.1833