Perbandingan Blokade Kaudal Bupivakain 0,25% dengan Kombinasi Bupivakain 0,25% dan Klonidin 1 µg/kgBB terhadap Waktu Kebutuhan Analgesik Pascaoperasi Hipospadia

Agus Fitri Atmoko; Dedi Fitri Yadi; Ezra Oktaliansah

doi:10.15851/jap.v6n2.1271

Perbandingan Blokade Kaudal Bupivakain 0,25% dengan Kombinasi Bupivakain 0,25% dan Klonidin 1 µg/kgBB terhadap Waktu Kebutuhan Analgesik Pascaoperasi Hipospadia

Agus Fitri Atmoko, Dedi Fitri Yadi, Ezra Oktaliansah

Abstract

Blokade kaudal merupakan salah satu blokade regional yang digunakan pada pediatrik. Teknik ini digunakan sebagai tata laksana nyeri pascaoperasi urogenital, rektal, inguinal, dan operasi ekstremitas bawah. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbandingan waktu kebutuhan analgesik pascaoperasi hipospadia pada blokade kaudal bupivakain 0,25% dengan kombinasi bupivakain 0,25% dan klonidin 1 µg/kgBB. Penelitian menggunakan uji klinis acak terkontrol buta tunggal dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin (RSHS) Bandung bulan November 2017 sampai Januari 2018. Pasien dibagi menjadi grup bupivakain 0,25% (grup B, n=15) dan grup kombinasi bupivakain 0,25% klonidin 1 µg/kgBB (grup BK, n=15). Uji statistik menggunakan uji-t tidak berpasangan dan Uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian mengungkapkan waktu kebutuhan analgesik pertama lebih lama pada grup BK (766,46±75,34 menit) dibanding dengan grup B (344,4±59,46 menit) dengan perbedaan signifikan (p<0,05). Simpulan, kombinasi bupivakain 0,25% dan klonidin 1 µg/kgBB pada blokade kaudal menghasilkan waktu kebutuhan analgesik pertama lebih lama dibanding dengan bupivakain 0,25% pascaoperasi hipospadia.

Kata kunci: Blokade kaudal, bupivakain, hipospadia, klonidin, waktu kebutuhan analgesik

Comparison of Bupivacaine Caudal Blockade with Bupivacaine Clonidine Caudal Blockade to Timing of Post-operative Hypospadias Analgesic Requirement

Caudal blockade was one of the regional blocks used in pediatrics. This technique was used as a post-operative pain management measure in urogenital, rectal, inguinal and lower extremity surgeries. The purpose of this study was to compare the first analgesic requirement between 0.25% bupivacaine caudal blockade and 0.25% bupivacaine and 1 µg/kgBW clonidine caudal blockade combination for post-operative hypospadia. The study used a single blind randomized control trial conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital (RSHS) Bandung in the period of November 2017 to January 2018. Patients were divided into 0.25% bupivacaine group (B group, n=15) and 0.25% bupivacaine and 1 µg/kgBW clonidine combination group (BK group, n=15). Statistical test using unpaired t test and Mann Whitney test. Results revealed that the time of first analgesic requirement was longer in BK group (766.46±75.34 min) than in B group (344.4±59.46 min) with a significant difference (p<0.05). In conclusion, 0.25% bupivacaine and 1 µg/kgBW clonidine combination in caudal blockade resulting in a time analgesic requirement that is longer than 0.25% bupivacaine for post-operative hypospadias.

Key words: Analgesic requirement time, bupivacaine, caudal blockade, clonidine, hypospadias

Keywords

Blokade kaudal, bupivakain, hipospadia, klonidin, waktu kebutuhan analgesik

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15851/jap.v6n2.1271