Pengaruh Penambahan Petidin 0,25 mg/kgBB pada Bupivakain 0,25% untuk Blok Infraorbital terhadap Lama Analgesia Pascabedah pada Operasi Labioplasti Anak

Abstract

Nyeri pascabedah labioplasti dapat dicegah dengan regional blok infraorbital bilateral. Bupivakain 0,25% biasa digunakan untuk blok infraorbital dan penambahan petidin akan memperpanjang lama kerjanya. Penelitian telah dilakukan dengan uji klinis acak terkontrol tersamar tunggal terhadap 40 pasien ASA II usia 3 bulan–1 tahun yang menjalani operasi labioplasti di ruang operasi bedah sentral Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Maret–Mei 2012. Setelah randomisasi secara blok permutasi, subjek dikelompokkan >menjadi dua, yaitu 20 subjek menggunakan bupivakain 0,25% 1 mL pada tiap sisi (kelompok B) dan 20 subjek menggunakan kombinasi bupivakain 0,25% dan petidin 0,25 mg/kgBB 1 mL pada tiap sisi (kelompok >BP) yang diberikan setelah induksi anestesi. Data tentang lama analgesi diuji dengan Mann-Whitney. Analisis statistik menunjukkan bahwa perbedaan lama analgesia antara kedua kelompok sangat bermakna (p<0,0001). Simpulan, peningkatan lama analgesia kombinasi bupivakain 0,25% dan petidin 0,25 mg/kg BB menghasilkan masa bebas nyeri sampai 36 jam, sedangkan pada bupivakain 0,25% lebih singkat sekitar 18 jam. Tidak dijumpai efek samping dalam penelitian ini.

Kata kunci: Blok infraorbital, bupivakain, labioplasti, petidin

Comparison Between the Addition of Pethidine 0.25 mg/kgBW in Bupivacain 0.25% with Bupivacain 0.25% for Infraorbital Blockade in Labioplasty Surgery in Children to the Length of Post Operative Analgesia

Labioplasty postoperative pain can be prevented by bilateral infraorbital regional block. Bupivacaine 0.25% is usually used in infraorbital block and pethidine as an adjuvant can prolong the postoperative analgesic. The research was a single-blind randomized clinical trial included 40 children ASA II aged 3 months–1 year underwent labioplasty surgery in central operating theatre Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital-Bandung during March–May 2012. After block of permutation randomization, the subjects were grouped into two, 20 subjects (group B) using bupivacaine 0.25% 1 mL on each side and 20 subjects (group of BP) using combination of pethidine bupivacaine 0.25% and 0.25 mg/kgBW 1 mL on each side after the induction of anesthesia. Measurement data of length of analgesia were tested with the Mann-Whitney Test. Statistical analysis showed that the difference of the length of analgesia between two groups analgesia was highly significant (p<0.0001). The conclusion of this study is that the increase of the length of analgesia in combination of bupivacaine 0.25% and pethidine 0.25 mg/kgBW produce pain-free period to 36 hours, whereas bupivacaine 0.25% is shorter, about 18 hours. The incidence of adverse effect was not found in this study.

Key words: Bupivacaine, infraorbital block, labioplasty, pethidine

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15851/jap.v1n2.121