Perbandingan Pemberian Efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB dengan Efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB Intravena terhadap Skala Nyeri dan Efek Hipotensi pada Penyuntikan Propofol di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung

Abstract

Penyuntikan propofol menyebabkan  nyeri dan perubahan tekanan darah. Efedrin merupakan obat yang digunakan untuk mengurangi efek yang tidak diinginkan saat penyuntikan propofol. Penelitian ini bertujuan membandingkan pemberian efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB intravena dengan efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB intravena terhadap skala nyeri dan efek hipotensi pada penyuntikan propofol. Penelitian dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada bulan September hingga November 2015 terhadap 60 orang  pasien dengan  American Society of Anesthesiologist  (ASA) kelas I dan II, usia 18 hingga 60 tahun yang menjalani operasi elektif dengan anestesi umum secara uji acak kontrol buta ganda. Pasien dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, 30 orang menerima efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB dan 30 orang menerima efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB, diberikan 1 menit sebelum penyuntikan propofol. Analisis statistik menggunakan uji Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan skala nyeri pada kelompok efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB dan efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB tidak berbeda bermakna (p>0,05), dan perubahan tekanan darah sistole dan diastole efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB dengan efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB berbeda bermakna (p<0,05). Simpulan, efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB dan efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB menurunkan skala nyeri saat penyuntikan propofol, dan efedrin 70 mcg/kgBB mencegah efek hipotensi lebih baik dibanding dengan efedrin 30 mcg/kgBB.

Comparison of 30 mcg/kgBW and 70 mcg/kgBW Intravenous Ephedrine on Pain Scale and Hypotension After Propofol Injection in  Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung

Injection of propofol causes pain and blood pressure changes. Propofol can cause pain at the injection site and decrease the blood pressure while ephedrine is considered to minimize those adverse effect. The purpose of the study was to compare the effects of 30 mcg/kgBW and 70 mcg/kgBW intravenous ephedrine on pain score and blood pressure changes after propofol injection. This double-blind randomized control trial was conducted in Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung, September to November 2015, on 60 patients with American Society of Anesthesiologist (ASA) physical status I and II, aged 18 to 60 years old. Patients were divided into 2 groups of 30 persons; the first group received 30 mcg/kgBW ephedrine and the second group received 70 mcg/kgBW ephedrine one minute before propofol injection. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. This study showed no significant difference in pain score between the group that received 30 mcg/kgBW ephedrine and 70 mcg/kgBW (p>0,05), but there were significant differences in blood pressure changes (p<0,05). It can be concluded that 30 mcg/kgBW and 70 mcg/kgBW ephedrine could reduce pain score following propofol injection with 70 mcg/kgBW ephedrine reduces the hypotension effect better than the 30 mcg/kgBW dose.