Gambaran Kontaminasi Bakteri pada Sirkuit Pernapasan Anestesi di Ruang Operasi Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung pada Bulan Agustus 2015

Abstract

Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung memakai sirkuit pernapasan dalam melakukan tindakan anestesi di ruang operasi. Sirkuit tersebut digunakan berulang dan diganti setiap 24 jam. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran kontaminasi bakteri pada sirkuit pernapasan anestesi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode deskriptif observasional secara cross–sectional. Sebanyak 102 sampel dari 51 sirkuit pernapasan anestesi diperiksa kultur bakteri sebelum dan sesudah digunakan pada ruang operasi Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung selama 3 hari pada bulan Agustus 2015. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode apus pada konektor Y sirkuit pernapasan anestesi sebelum dan sesudah digunakan dalam 24 jam. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak ada kontaminasi bakteri pada sirkuit pernapasan anestesi sebelum digunakan pada ruang operasi Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Kontaminasi bakteri pada sirkuit pernapasan anestesi sesudah digunakan pada ruang operasi Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung adalah 25,49%. Gambaran pola bakteri yang teridentifikasi adalah bakteri Micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Streptococcus viridans, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis, dan Staphylococcus saprophyticus. Simpulan penelitian ini adalah tidak ditemukan kontaminasi bakteri pada sirkuit pernapasan anestesi sebelum digunakan dan ditemukan kontaminasi bakteri pada sirkuit pernapasan anestesi sesudah digunakan pada ruang operasi Rumah Sakit Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung.

Kata kunci: Gambaran pola bakteri, kontaminasi bakteri, sirkuit pernapasan anestesi

Description of Bacteria Contamination in Anesthesia Breathing Circuit in Operating Room Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung General Hospital in August 2015

Breathing circuits have been used repeatedly to perform anesthesia in the operating theater of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital with a replacement interval of every 24 hours. This study was conducted to determine the contamination of bacteria in the anesthesia breathing circuits. This was an observational descriptive cross–sectional study on 102 samples from 51 anesthesia breathing circuits. These samples were cultured before and after the use of breathing circuit in the operating room of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital for 3 days in August 2015. Sampling was performed using swab method at the Y connector of anesthesia breathing circuit before and after use within a period of 24 hours. The results showed that no bacterial contamination was found in the anesthesia breathing circuit before use in the operating theatre of Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung. Bacterial contamination of anesthesia breathing circuit after use was 25.49%. The bacteria identified were Micrococcus spp., Bacillus spp., Streptococcus viridans, Serratia marcescens, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus hominis and Staphylococcus saprophyticus. It is concluded that no bacterial contamination of anesthesia breathing circuit before use; however, bacterial contamination was found after the use of anesthesia breathing circuits in the operating theatre of Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital Bandung.

Key words: Anesthesia breathing circuits, bacterial contamination, description of the bacteria