Bleeding Volume, Blood Pressure, and Consciousness Level in Association with the Mortality Rate among Patients with Intracerebral Hemorrhage at Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya

Mohammad Pratama Jauhar Putra, Achmad Firdaus Sani, Puji Lestari, Mohammad Saiful Ardhi

Abstract


Background: Intracerebral hemorrhage is one of the deadliest acute conditions. The volume of bleeding and its location are factors that alter consciousness level, leading to death. This study aimed to explore the association between bleeding volume, blood pressure, and consciousness level with the mortality rate among patients with intracerebral hemorrhage, so proper treatment and diagnosis can be conducted efficiently.

Methods: This was an observational retrospective study conducted from October 2018–July 2019. Bleeding volume, blood pressure, consciousness level, and mortality as the outcomes of the patients with intracerebral hemorrhage were evaluated. Consciousness level was determined by using the Glasgow Coma Scale score. Data were collected from the medical record of intracerebral hemorrhage patients of the Neurologic Department in Dr. Soetomo General Academic Hospital Surabaya in the period of 2016. The Chi-square analysis method was used to determine the correlation between variables.

Results: In total, 51 medical records were retrieved, and the majority of the patients were in the 45–60 years old group (54.9%). The mortality during hospitalization was 17.6% with most of them (82.4%) had bleeding volume less than 30 cc. Interestingly, the bleeding volume correlated with the consciousness level (p=0.001) and the outcome of the patients (p=0.02). The blood pressure shows a correlation with the volume of bleeding (p=0.009).

Conclusions: Bleeding volume and consciousness level as determined by the Glasgow Coma Scale score show significant correlations with the mortality rate in patients with intracerebral hemorrhage.

 


Keywords


Intracerebral hemorrhage, mortality rate, volume of bleeding

Full Text:

PDF

References


Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Riset Kesehatan Dasar 2013. Jakarta: Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Kesehatan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2013.

Aguilar MI, Brott TG. Update in intracerebral hemorrhage.Neurohospitalist. 2011;1(3):148–59.

Macellari F, Paciaroni M, Agnelli G, Caso V. Neuroimaging in intracerebral hemorrhage. Stroke. 2014;45(3):903–8.

Yousuf RM, Fauzi ARM, Jamalludin AR, How SH, Amran M, Shahrin TCA, et al. Predictors of in-hospital mortality in primary intracerebral hemorrhage in East coast of Peninsular Malaysia. Neurology Asia. 2012;17(2):93–9.

Zia E, Hedblad B, Pessah-Rasmussen H, Berglund G, Janzon L, Engström G. Blood pressure in relation to the incidence of cerebral infarction and intracerebral hemorrhage. Hypertensive hemorrhage: debated nomenclature is still relevant. Stroke. 2007;38(10):2681–5.

Willmot M, Leonardi-Bee J, Bath PMW. High blood pressure in acute stroke and subsequent outcome a systematic review. Hypertension. 2004;43(1):18–24.

Wang CW, Liu YJ, Lee YH, Hueng DY, Fan HC, Yang FC, et al. Hematoma shape, hematoma size, glasgow coma scale score and ich score: Which predicts the 30-day mortality better for intracerebral hematoma? PLoS One. 2014;9(7):e102326.

Broderick JP, Diringer MN, Hill MD, Brun NC, Mayer SA, Steiner T, et al. Determinants of intracerebral hemorrhage growth: An exploratory analysis. Stroke. 2007;38(3):1072–5.

Poungvarin N, Suwanwela NC, Niphon Poungvarin, Venketasubramanian N, Wong LKS, Navarro JC, et al. Grave prognosis on spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: GP on STAGE score. J Med Assoc Thail. 2006;89 Suppl 5:S84–93.

Chen HS, Hsieh CF, Chau TT, Yang CD, Chen YW. Risk factors of in-hospital mortality of intracerebral hemorrhage and comparison of ICH scores in a Taiwanese population. Eur Neurol. 2011;66(1):59–63.

Suthar NN, Patel KL, Saparia C, Parikh AP. Study of clinical and radiological profile and outcome in patients of intracranial hemorrhage. Ann Afr Med. 2016;15(2):69–77.

Qureshi AI, Tuhrim S, Broderick JP, Batjer HH, Hondo H, Hanley DF. Spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage. N Engl J Med. 2001;344(19):1450–60.

Salihović D, Smajlović D, Ibrahimagić OĆ. Does the volume and localization of intracerebral hematoma affect short-term prognosis of patients with intracerebral hemorrhage? ISRN Neurosci. 2013;2013:327968.




DOI: https://doi.org/10.15850/amj.v7n2.1751

Article Metrics

Abstract view : 1187 times
PDF - 602 times



 This Journal indexed by

                  

          

 

Creative Commons License
AMJ is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

 


View My Stats