Young to Middle-Aged Adults and Low Education: Risk Factors of Spondylitis Tuberculosis with Neurological Deficit and Deformity at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital

Adrian F. Ismiarto; Bambang Tiksnadi; Arifin Soenggono

doi:10.15850/amj.v5n2.1420

Young to Middle-Aged Adults and Low Education: Risk Factors of Spondylitis Tuberculosis with Neurological Deficit and Deformity at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital

Adrian F. Ismiarto, Bambang Tiksnadi, Arifin Soenggono

Abstract

Background: Incidence of tuberculosis has risen again, including extrapulmonary tuberculosis. Spondilitis tuberculosis is one the most commonly encountered which can cause disability and even death. The aim of this study was to evaluate characteristics of spondilitis tuberculosis patients and probable risk factors.

Methods: This was a descriptive, cross sectional study from all medical records of spondylitis tuberculosis patients at Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital from January 2012 to December 2013. Variables evaluated were demographic data, history related to tuberculosis, nutrinutional status, patient’s characteristics, and treatments received.

Results: Spondylitis tuberculosis represented 65.6% of bone and joints tuberculosis. From 78 cases, the male to female ratio was 1.2:1, and mostly found in young and middle-aged adults (79.6%) between 20−64 years old. Patients’ level of education were mostly elementary school (30.8%) and unemployed. Clinical symptoms were mostly neurological disorders, deformity (kyphotic/gibbus), and tenderness. Predilections sites were thoracal and lumbal vertebrae. Forty eight percents of cases were also sufferring from TB in other organs. Treatments given for these cases were anti tuberculosis drugs (80.8%) and operative procedures (62.8%).

Conclusions: Most common clinical manifestations are neurologial deficit, deformity, and tenderness; mostly have pulmonary tuberculosis as a comorbid disease; probable risk factors are young and middle-aged adults, low education level, and unemployment.

Keywords

Deformity; neurological deficit; risk factors; spondylitis tuberculosis

Full Text:

PDF

References

World Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2013. Geneva: WHO; 2013. [cited 2014 March 15]. Available from: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/91355/1/9789241564656_eng.pdf.

Agrawal V, Patgaonkar PR, Nagariya SP. Tuberculosis of spine. J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2010;1(2):74−85.

Yehya A, Mathlom Y, Hafez A. Correlation between clinical, radiological and operative findings in management of tuberculous and pyogenic spondylitis. Bull Alex Fac Med. 2010;46(2):177−84.

Alavi SM, Sharifi M. Tuberculous spondylitis: risk factors and clinical/paraclinical aspects in the south west of Iran. J Infect Public Health. 2010;3(4):196−200.

Khalequzzaman S, Hoque H. Tuberculosis of spine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluation of 42 cases. Medicine Today. 2012;24(2):59−62.

Ratnasari NY. Hubungan dukungan sosial dengan kualitas hidup pada penderita tuberkulosis paru (TB paru) di balai pengobatan penyakit paru (BP4) Yogyakarta unit minggiran. J Tuberkulosis Indonesia. 2012;8:7−11.

Solomon L, Warwick D, Nayagam S. Apley’s system of orthopaedics and fractures. 9th ed. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press,Taylor & Francis; 2010.

Garg RK, Somvanshi DS. Spinal tuberculosis: a review. J Spinal Cord Med. 2011;34(5):440−54.

Uduma FU, Emejulu JC, Ianafasi EU, Igwebuike VOI. Review of pott’s disease with neurological deficit-radiological algorithm and management. International Journal of Medical and Applied Sciences. 2013;2(3):339−46.

Yagi O, Kawabe Y, Nagayama N, Shimada M, Kawashima M, Kaneko Y, et al. Bone and joint tuberculosis concurrent with tuberculosis of other organs. Kekkaku. 2007;82(6):523−9.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.15850/amj.v5n2.1420