Correlation between Short-Term Memory and Achievement of Athletes

Ryandika Elvereza Mustari; Leonardo Lubis; Nani Kurniani

Correlation between Short-Term Memory and Achievement of Athletes

Ryandika Elvereza Mustari, Leonardo Lubis, Nani Kurniani

Abstract

Background: Human activity is largely related to thought processing or cognition. One of the most important components of cognition is memory. Individuals who undergo heavy activities, such as athletes, use a lot of memory in the subject’s activities, especially during competitions. The purpose of this study was to find out whether there was a correlation between the capability of short term memory with the performance of an athlete during a competition, especially those measured by achievements.

Methods: This study was an analytic observational correlation study with a cross-sectional design and involved 201 athletes as respondents from 12 branches of sports. The study was conducted in the Indonesian National Sports Committee (KONI) building from September to November 2015. Digit Span Forward and Backward were used to collect short term memory data and was performed after a consent form and the respondent’s identity was recorded. The athlete’s achievements data was gathered by an interview and recapitulation of athlete’s achievements in the last five years.

Results: OA total of 186 data was analyzed and found a negative and insignificant correlation between achievement and short-term memory based on digit span tests both forward (r=0.095 p=0.196) and backward(r=0.039 p=0.196).

Conclusions: There is no correlation between short term memory and the achievements of an athlete.

Keywords

Achievement, Athlete, Short term memory

Full Text:

PDF

References

Singh M, Narang M. Cognitive enhancement techniques. Int J Inf Technol Knowl Manag. 2014;7(2):49–61.

Bull R, Espy KA, Wiebe SA. Short-term memory, working memory, and executive functioning in preschoolers: longitudinal predictors of mathematical achievement at age 7 years. Dev Neuropsychol. 2008;33(3):205–28.

Guyton A, John EH. Thoughts, consciousness,and memory. In: Schmitt W, Rebecca G, Folcher MA, editors. Textbook of medical physiology. 11st ed. Philadelphia, PA : Saunders/Elsevier; 2011. p. 723–6.

Cowan N. What are the differences between long-term, short-term, and working memory? Prog Brain Res. 2008;169(1):323–38.

Swanson HL. Short-term memory and working memory: do both contribute to our understanding of academic achievement in children and adults with learning disabilities? J Learn Disabil. 1994;27(1):34–50.

Nanda B, Balde J, Manjunatha S. The acute effects of a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise on cognitive functions in healthy adult males. J Clin Diagn Res. 2013;7(9):1883–5.

Mayers LB, Redick TS, Chiffriller SH, Simone AN, Terraforte KR. Working memory capacity among collegiate student athletes: effects of sport-related head contacts, concussions, and working memory demands. J Clin Exp Neuropsychol. 2011;33(5):532–7.

Arai A, Ko YJ, Ross S. Branding athletes: exploration and conceptualization of athlete brand image. Sport Manag Rev.2014;17(2):97–106.

Drozdick LW, Cullum CM, Antonio S. Expanding the ecological validity of WAIS-IV and WMS-IV with the Texas Functional Living Scale. HHS Public Access. 2015;18(2):141–55.

Holdnack J, Zhou X, Larrabee G, Millis S, Salthouse T. Confirmatory factor analysis of the WAIS-IV/WMS-IV. NIH Public Access. 2013;18(2):178–91.

Mcfarland DJ. Modeling individual subtests of the WAIS IV with multiple latent factors. PLoS One. 2013;8(9):1–7.

Kaufman A. Test review: wechsler intelligence scale for children, fourth edition (WISC-IV). J Psychoeduc Assess. 2006;24(3):278–95.

CDC. The association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance. 2010;2(1):1–84.

Sun X, Zhang X, Chen X, Zhang P, Bao M, Zhang D, et al. Age-dependent brain activation during forward and backward digit recall revealed by fMRI. Neuroimage. 2005;26(1):36–47.

Sandi C, Pinelo-Nava MT. Stress and memory: behavioral effects and neurobiological mechanisms. Neural Plast. 2007;1(3):1–20.

Sandi C. Glucocorticoids act on glutamatergic pathways to affect memory processes. Trends Neurosci. 2011;34(4):165–76.

Yarrow K, Brown P, Krakauer JW. Inside the brain of an elite athlete: the neural processes that support high achievement in sports. Nat Rev Neurosci.2009;10(8):585–96.

Bahramizade H, Besharat MA. The impact of styles of coping with stress on sport achievement. Procedia–Social Behav Sci. 2010;5(2):764–9.