Kejadian Atopi pada Bayi Usia 6 Bulan yang Mendapat Kombinasi ASI dan Susu Formula Mengandung Probiotik dan Nonprobiotik
Abstract
Kelahiran seksio sesarea menyebabkan terlambatnya kolonisasi flora usus sehingga akan meningkatkan kejadian atopi. Probiotik menstimulasi respons imun sehingga akan menurunkan kejadian atopi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menentukan apakah terdapat perbedaan kejadian atopi pada bayi yang diberikan kombinasi ASI dengan susu formula yang mengandung probiotik dan tanpa probiotik. Randomized open label clinical trial dilakukan selama periode November 2009 sampai Oktober 2010 terhadap 96 bayi normal, berat badan lahir ≥2.500 g, lahir dengan seksio sesarea di RS Dr. Hasan Sadikin Bandung. Sejak lahir, selama 4 minggu sebanyak 48 bayi diberikan kombinasi ASI dan susu formula probiotik dan 48 bayi sebagai kontrol, selanjutnya pemberian minuman bergantung pada orangtua. Dilakukan pencatatan lama menyusui, jumlah formula, dan faktor risiko atopi. Skin prick test dilakukan pada usia 6 bulan. Diagnosis atopi ditegakkan jika terbentuk wheal ≥4 mm. Analisis statistik dilakukan dengan chi-square untuk data kategori dan uji t untuk data numerik. Lama menyusui, jumlah formula, dan faktor risiko atopi tidak berbeda secara bermakna pada kedua kelompok (p>0,05). Reaksi atopi ditemukan positif pada 4/23 bayi yang mendapat probiotik dan 10/28 bayi tanpa probiotik (p>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa kejadian atopi tidak berbeda antara kelompok yang diberikan ASI dan susu formula mengandung probiotik dan tidak mengandung probiotik. [MKB. 2011;43(2):55–9].
Kata kunci: Atopi, kelahiran seksio sesarea, probiotik
Atopic Occurence on Six-month-old Infants between Probiotic Formula-fed and Non Probiotic Formula-fed Healthy Born by Cesarean Delivery
Cesarean delivery might delayed the colonization of newborn intestine and increase atopic disorders. Probiotic shown to stimulate immune responses, which has implied in the development of atopic disorders. The aim of the study was to find out the difference of atopic occurence in breastfed infants born by cesarean delivery given probiotic formula and non probiotic formula. Randomized open label clinical trial was performed on 96 healthy infants, birth weight ≥2,500 g, born by cesarean delivery in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung during November 2009 to October 2010. Since birth, 48 infants were breastfed combined with probiotic formula and 48 infants as control group for 4 weeks and afterwards the feeding pattern depend on the parents. Skin prick test reaction was performed at 6 months old and atopy was diagnosed if the wheal ≥4 mm. Statistical analysis using chi-square and t-test. The duration of daily breastfeeding, amount of formula and risk factor for atopic disorders were not significantly different in both groups (p>0.05). Atopy were positive in 4/23 infants with probiotic and 10/28 infants positive without probiotic. It was not significantly different (p>0.05). Conclusion, the atopic occurence is not different at 6 months-old receiving breastmilk with probiotic and non probiotic formula. [MKB. 2011;43(2):55–9].
Key words: Atopy, caesarean delivery, probiotic
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